Jump to content

ପ୍ଲୁଟୋନିଅମ

ଉଇକିପିଡ଼ିଆ‌ରୁ
(Plutoniumରୁ ଲେଉଟି ଆସିଛି)
Plutonium,  94Pu
Two shiny pellets about 3 cm in diameter.
ସାଧାରଣ ଗୁଣ
ନାମ, ପ୍ରତୀକplutonium, Pu
Appearancesilvery white, tarnishing to dark gray in air
ଉଚ୍ଚାରଣ/plˈtniəm/
ploo-TOH-nee-əm
Plutonium in the periodic table
Hydrogen (other non-metal)
Helium (noble gas)
Lithium (alkali metal)
Beryllium (alkaline earth metal)
Boron (metalloid)
Carbon (other non-metal)
Nitrogen (other non-metal)
Oxygen (other non-metal)
Fluorine (halogen)
Neon (noble gas)
Sodium (alkali metal)
Magnesium (alkaline earth metal)
Aluminium (post-transition metal)
Silicon (metalloid)
Phosphorus (other non-metal)
Sulfur (other non-metal)
Chlorine (halogen)
Argon (noble gas)
Potassium (alkali metal)
Calcium (alkaline earth metal)
Scandium (transition metal)
Titanium (transition metal)
Vanadium (transition metal)
Chromium (transition metal)
Manganese (transition metal)
Iron (transition metal)
Cobalt (transition metal)
Nickel (transition metal)
Copper (transition metal)
Zinc (transition metal)
Gallium (post-transition metal)
Germanium (metalloid)
Arsenic (metalloid)
Selenium (other non-metal)
Bromine (halogen)
Krypton (noble gas)
Rubidium (alkali metal)
Strontium (alkaline earth metal)
Yttrium (transition metal)
Zirconium (transition metal)
Niobium (transition metal)
Molybdenum (transition metal)
Technetium (transition metal)
Ruthenium (transition metal)
Rhodium (transition metal)
Palladium (transition metal)
Silver (transition metal)
Cadmium (transition metal)
Indium (post-transition metal)
Tin (post-transition metal)
Antimony (metalloid)
Tellurium (metalloid)
Iodine (halogen)
Xenon (noble gas)
Caesium (alkali metal)
Barium (alkaline earth metal)
Lanthanum (lanthanoid)
Cerium (lanthanoid)
Praseodymium (lanthanoid)
Neodymium (lanthanoid)
Promethium (lanthanoid)
Samarium (lanthanoid)
Europium (lanthanoid)
Gadolinium (lanthanoid)
Terbium (lanthanoid)
Dysprosium (lanthanoid)
Holmium (lanthanoid)
Erbium (lanthanoid)
Thulium (lanthanoid)
Ytterbium (lanthanoid)
Lutetium (lanthanoid)
Hafnium (transition metal)
Tantalum (transition metal)
Tungsten (transition metal)
Rhenium (transition metal)
Osmium (transition metal)
Iridium (transition metal)
Platinum (transition metal)
Gold (transition metal)
Mercury (transition metal)
Thallium (post-transition metal)
Lead (post-transition metal)
Bismuth (post-transition metal)
Polonium (post-transition metal)
Astatine (halogen)
Radon (noble gas)
Francium (alkali metal)
Radium (alkaline earth metal)
Actinium (actinoid)
Thorium (actinoid)
Protactinium (actinoid)
Uranium (actinoid)
Neptunium (actinoid)
Plutonium (actinoid)
Americium (actinoid)
Curium (actinoid)
Berkelium (actinoid)
Californium (actinoid)
Einsteinium (actinoid)
Fermium (actinoid)
Mendelevium (actinoid)
Nobelium (actinoid)
Lawrencium (actinoid)
Rutherfordium (transition metal)
Dubnium (transition metal)
Seaborgium (transition metal)
Bohrium (transition metal)
Hassium (transition metal)
Meitnerium (unknown chemical properties)
Darmstadtium (unknown chemical properties)
Roentgenium (unknown chemical properties)
Copernicium (transition metal)
Ununtrium (unknown chemical properties)
Flerovium (unknown chemical properties)
Ununpentium (unknown chemical properties)
Livermorium (unknown chemical properties)
Ununseptium (unknown chemical properties)
Ununoctium (unknown chemical properties)
Sm

Pu

(Uqh)
neptuniumplutoniumamericium
ପରମାଣୁ କ୍ରମାଙ୍କ (Z)94
ଶ୍ରେଣୀ, ବ୍ଳକgroup n/a, f-block
ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟperiod 7
ମୌଳିକ ପ୍ରକାର  actinide
ମାନକ ପରମାଣବିକ ଓଜନ (Ar)(244)
ଇଲେକ୍‌ଟ୍ରୋନ୍ ବିନ୍ୟାସ[Rn] 5f6 7s2
per shell
2, 8, 18, 32, 24, 8, 2
ଭୌତିକ ଗୁଣ
ଅବସ୍ଥାsolid
ଗଳନାଙ୍କ912.5 K ​(639.4 °C, ​1182.9 °F)
ସ୍ଫୁଟନାଙ୍କ3505 K ​(3228 °C, ​5842 °F)
Density near r.t.19.816 g/cm3
when liquid, at m.p.16.63 g/cm3
Heat of fusion2.82 kJ/mol
Heat of 333.5 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity35.5 J/(mol·K)
 pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 1756 1953 2198 2511 2926 3499
Atomic properties
Oxidation states8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1
(amphoteric oxide)
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 1.28
Atomic radiusempirical: 159 pm
Covalent radius187±1 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structuremonoclinic
Monoclinic crystal structure for plutonium
Speed of sound2260 m/s
Thermal expansion46.7 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity6.74 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity1.460 µ Ω·m (at 0 °C)
Magnetic orderingparamagnetic[]
Young's modulus96 GPa
Shear modulus43 GPa
Poisson ratio0.21
CAS Number7440-07-5
ଇତିହାସ
ଆବିଷ୍କାରGlenn T. Seaborg, Arthur Wahl, Joseph W. Kennedy, Edwin McMillan (1940–1)
Most stable isotopes of plutonium
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP
238Pu trace 87.74 y SF 204.66[]
α 5.5 234U
239Pu 100% 2.41 × 104 y SF 207.06
α 5.157 235U
240Pu trace 6.5 × 103 y SF 205.66
α 5.256 236U
241Pu syn 14 y β 0.02078 241Am
SF 210.83
242Pu trace 3.73 × 105 y SF 209.47
α 4.984 238U
244Pu trace 8.08 × 107 y α 4.666 240U
SF
| references

ପ୍ଲୁଟୋନିଅମ ହେଉଛି ଏକ ତେଜସ୍କ୍ରିୟ ରାସାୟନିକ ମୌଳିକ ଯାହାର ପ୍ରତୀକ Puପରମାଣୁ କ୍ରମାଙ୍କ ୯୪ ।

ଭୌତିକ

[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]

ରସାୟନିକ

[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]

ସମସ୍ଥାନିକ

[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]

ଉପସ୍ଥିତି

[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]

ଉତ୍ପାଦନ

[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]

ବ୍ୟବହାର

[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]

ଆହୁରି ଦେଖନ୍ତୁ

[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]
  1. Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.
  2. Magurno, B.A.; Pearlstein, S. (eds.) Workshop on nuclear data evaluation methods and procedures, Upton, NY, USA, 22 Septmber 1980, vol. II (1981), pp. 835 ff

ବାହାର ତଥ୍ୟ

[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]