ଶ୍ରେଣୀ (ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ ସାରଣୀ)
(Group (periodic table)ରୁ ଲେଉଟି ଆସିଛି)

The periodic table of the chemical elements. The columns represent the groups
ରସାୟନ ବିଜ୍ଞାନରେ, ଗ୍ରୁପ କହିଲେ ରାସାୟନିକ ମୌଳିକମାନଙ୍କର ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ ସାରଣୀରେ ଥିବା ସ୍ତମ୍ବକୁ ବୁଝାଏ । ଏକ ମାନକ ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ ସରଣୀରେ ୧୮ ଗ୍ରୁପ ଥାଏ (ଏଫ-ବ୍ଲକକୁ ବାଦ ଦେଲେ) ।
ପୁରୁଣା ନାମକରଣ[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]
ଗ୍ରୁପରେ ଥିବା ମୌଳିକ[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]
The periodic table groups are as follows:[୧][୨]
Groups in the periodic table | |||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Group number | 1 | 2 | 3b | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | |
CAS (US) | IA | IIA | IIIB | IVB | VB | VIB | VIIB | VIIIB | VIIIB | VIIIB | IB | IIB | IIIA | IVA | VA | VIA | VIIA | VIIIA | |
old IUPAC (European) | IA | IIA | IIIA | IVA | VA | VIA | VIIA | VIII | VIII | VIII | IB | IIB | IIIB | IVB | VB | VIB | VIIB | Group 0 | |
Trivial name | Alkali metals | Alkaline earth metals | Coinage metalsc | Volatile metalsc | Icosagensc | Crystallogensc | Pnictogens | Chalcogens | Halogens | Noble gases | |||||||||
Name by element | Lithium group | Beryllium group | Scandium group | Titanium group | Vanadium group | Chromium group | Manganese group | Iron group | Cobalt group | Nickel group | Copper group | Zinc group | Boron group | Carbon group | Nitrogen group | Oxygen group | Fluorine group | Helium or Neon group | |
Period 1 | Ha |
He | |||||||||||||||||
Period 2 | Li |
Be |
B |
C |
N |
O |
F |
Ne | |||||||||||
Period 3 | Na |
Mg |
Al |
Si |
P |
S |
Cl |
Ar | |||||||||||
Period 4 | K |
Ca |
Sc |
Ti |
V |
Cr |
Mn |
Fe |
Co |
Ni |
Cu |
Zn |
Ga |
Ge |
As |
Se |
Br |
Kr | |
Period 5 | Rb |
Sr |
f-blockb | Y |
Zr |
Nb |
Mo |
Tc |
Ru |
Rh |
Pd |
Ag |
Cd |
In |
Sn |
Sb |
Te |
I |
Xe |
Period 6 | Cs |
Ba |
lanthanides | Lub |
Hf |
Ta |
W |
Re |
Os |
Ir |
Pt |
Au |
Hg |
Tl |
Pb |
Bi |
Po |
At |
Rn |
Period 7 | Fr |
Ra |
actinides | Lrb |
Rf |
Db |
Sg |
Bh |
Hs |
Mt |
Ds |
Rg |
Cn |
Uut |
Fl |
Uup |
Lv |
Uus |
Uuo |
a Hydrogen (H), while placed in column 1, is not considered to be an alkali metal. | |||||||||||||||||||
b Group 3: depending on the source: Lutetium (Lu) and Lawrencium (Lr) may be included; the f-block (with 14 lanthanides and 14 actinides) may be included. | |||||||||||||||||||
c This group name is not recommended by IUPAC. | |||||||||||||||||||
Large version |
New IUPAC numbering | CAS (American) | Old IUPAC (European) | Name by element | Specific name | note |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Group 1 | IA | IA | lithium family | alkali metals | Hydrogen is in this column, but not considered to be an alkali metal |
Group 2 | IIA | IIA | beryllium family | alkaline earth metals | |
Group 3 | IIIB | IIIA | scandium family | Consisting of rare earth elements plus actinides | |
Group 4 | IVB | IVA | titanium family | ||
Group 5 | VB | VA | vanadium family | ||
Group 6 | VIB | VIA | chromium family | ||
Group 7 | VIIB | VIIA | manganese family | ||
Group 8 | VIIIB | VIII | iron family | ||
Group 9 | VIIIB | VIII | cobalt family | ||
Group 10 | VIIIB | VIII | nickel family | ||
Group 11 | IB | IB | copper family | coinage metals | The name coinage metals is not IUPAC-recommended |
Group 12 | IIB | IIB | zinc family | ||
Group 13 | IIIA | IIIB | boron family | triels | triels from Greek tri (three, III) |
Group 14 | IVA | IVB | carbon family | tetrels | tetrels from Greek tetra (four, IV) |
Group 15 | VA | VB | nitrogen family | pnictogens | |
Group 16 | VIA | VIB | oxygen family | chalcogens | |
Group 17 | VIIA | VIIB | fluorine family | halogens | |
Group 18 | VIIIA | Group 0 | helium family or neon family | noble gases |
ଆଧାର[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]
- ↑ Fluck, E. (1988). "New Notations in the Periodic Table" (PDF). Pure Appl. Chem. IUPAC. 60 (3): 431–436. doi:10.1351/pac198860030431. Retrieved 24 March 2012.
- ↑ IUPAC (2005). "nomenclature of innorganic chemistry" (PDF). p. 51. Retrieved 2013-06-03.
ଅଧିକ ପଢନ୍ତୁ[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]
- Scerri, E. R. (2007). The periodic table, its story and its significance. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-530573-9.