Jump to content

ଇଟ୍ରିଅମ

ଉଇକିପିଡ଼ିଆ‌ରୁ
Yttrium,  39Y
ସାଧାରଣ ଗୁଣ
ନାମ, ପ୍ରତୀକyttrium, Y
Appearancesilvery white
ଉଚ୍ଚାରଣ/ˈɪtriəm/ IT-ree-əm
Yttrium in the periodic table
Hydrogen (other non-metal)
Helium (noble gas)
Lithium (alkali metal)
Beryllium (alkaline earth metal)
Boron (metalloid)
Carbon (other non-metal)
Nitrogen (other non-metal)
Oxygen (other non-metal)
Fluorine (halogen)
Neon (noble gas)
Sodium (alkali metal)
Magnesium (alkaline earth metal)
Aluminium (post-transition metal)
Silicon (metalloid)
Phosphorus (other non-metal)
Sulfur (other non-metal)
Chlorine (halogen)
Argon (noble gas)
Potassium (alkali metal)
Calcium (alkaline earth metal)
Scandium (transition metal)
Titanium (transition metal)
Vanadium (transition metal)
Chromium (transition metal)
Manganese (transition metal)
Iron (transition metal)
Cobalt (transition metal)
Nickel (transition metal)
Copper (transition metal)
Zinc (transition metal)
Gallium (post-transition metal)
Germanium (metalloid)
Arsenic (metalloid)
Selenium (other non-metal)
Bromine (halogen)
Krypton (noble gas)
Rubidium (alkali metal)
Strontium (alkaline earth metal)
Yttrium (transition metal)
Zirconium (transition metal)
Niobium (transition metal)
Molybdenum (transition metal)
Technetium (transition metal)
Ruthenium (transition metal)
Rhodium (transition metal)
Palladium (transition metal)
Silver (transition metal)
Cadmium (transition metal)
Indium (post-transition metal)
Tin (post-transition metal)
Antimony (metalloid)
Tellurium (metalloid)
Iodine (halogen)
Xenon (noble gas)
Caesium (alkali metal)
Barium (alkaline earth metal)
Lanthanum (lanthanoid)
Cerium (lanthanoid)
Praseodymium (lanthanoid)
Neodymium (lanthanoid)
Promethium (lanthanoid)
Samarium (lanthanoid)
Europium (lanthanoid)
Gadolinium (lanthanoid)
Terbium (lanthanoid)
Dysprosium (lanthanoid)
Holmium (lanthanoid)
Erbium (lanthanoid)
Thulium (lanthanoid)
Ytterbium (lanthanoid)
Lutetium (lanthanoid)
Hafnium (transition metal)
Tantalum (transition metal)
Tungsten (transition metal)
Rhenium (transition metal)
Osmium (transition metal)
Iridium (transition metal)
Platinum (transition metal)
Gold (transition metal)
Mercury (transition metal)
Thallium (post-transition metal)
Lead (post-transition metal)
Bismuth (post-transition metal)
Polonium (post-transition metal)
Astatine (halogen)
Radon (noble gas)
Francium (alkali metal)
Radium (alkaline earth metal)
Actinium (actinoid)
Thorium (actinoid)
Protactinium (actinoid)
Uranium (actinoid)
Neptunium (actinoid)
Plutonium (actinoid)
Americium (actinoid)
Curium (actinoid)
Berkelium (actinoid)
Californium (actinoid)
Einsteinium (actinoid)
Fermium (actinoid)
Mendelevium (actinoid)
Nobelium (actinoid)
Lawrencium (actinoid)
Rutherfordium (transition metal)
Dubnium (transition metal)
Seaborgium (transition metal)
Bohrium (transition metal)
Hassium (transition metal)
Meitnerium (unknown chemical properties)
Darmstadtium (unknown chemical properties)
Roentgenium (unknown chemical properties)
Copernicium (transition metal)
Ununtrium (unknown chemical properties)
Flerovium (unknown chemical properties)
Ununpentium (unknown chemical properties)
Livermorium (unknown chemical properties)
Ununseptium (unknown chemical properties)
Ununoctium (unknown chemical properties)
Sc

Y

Lu
strontiumyttriumzirconium
ପରମାଣୁ କ୍ରମାଙ୍କ (Z)39
ଶ୍ରେଣୀ, ବ୍ଳକgroup 3, d-block
ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟperiod 5
ମୌଳିକ ପ୍ରକାର  transition metal
ମାନକ ପରମାଣବିକ ଓଜନ (Ar)88.90585
ଇଲେକ୍‌ଟ୍ରୋନ୍ ବିନ୍ୟାସ[Kr] 4d1 5s2
per shell
2, 8, 18, 9, 2
ଭୌତିକ ଗୁଣ
ଅବସ୍ଥାsolid
ଗଳନାଙ୍କ1799 K ​(1526 °C, ​2779 °F)
ସ୍ଫୁଟନାଙ୍କ3609 K ​(3336 °C, ​6037 °F)
Density near r.t.4.472 g/cm3
when liquid, at m.p.4.24 g/cm3
Heat of fusion11.42 kJ/mol
Heat of 365 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity26.53 J/(mol·K)
 pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 1883 2075 (2320) (2627) (3036) (3607)
Atomic properties
Oxidation states3, 2, 1 (weakly basic oxide)
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 1.22
Atomic radiusempirical: 180 pm
Covalent radius190±7 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structurehexagonal close-packed (hcp)
Hexagonal close packed crystal structure for yttrium
Speed of sound thin rod3300 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion(r.t.) (α, poly)
10.6 µm/(m·K)
Thermal conductivity17.2 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity(r.t.) (α, poly) 596 n Ω·m
Magnetic orderingparamagnetic[]
Young's modulus63.5 GPa
Shear modulus25.6 GPa
Bulk modulus41.2 GPa
Poisson ratio0.243
Brinell hardness589 MPa
CAS Number7440-65-5
ଇତିହାସ
ଆବିଷ୍କାରJohan Gadolin (1794)
First isolationCarl Gustav Mosander (1840)
Most stable isotopes of yttrium
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP
87Y syn 3.35 d ε - 87Sr
γ 0.48, 0.38D -
88Y syn 106.6 d ε - 88Sr
γ 1.83, 0.89 -
89Y 100% 89Y is stable with 50 neutrons
90Y syn 2.67 d β 2.28 90Zr
γ 2.18 -
91Y syn 58.5 d β 1.54 91Zr
γ 1.20 -
| references

ଇଟ୍ରିଅମ ହେଉଛି ଏକ ରାସାୟନିକ ମୌଳିକ ଯାହାର ପ୍ରତୀକ Yପରମାଣୁ କ୍ରମାଙ୍କ ୩୯ ।

ଉପସ୍ଥିତି

[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]

ଉତ୍ପାଦନ

[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]

ସମସ୍ଥାନିକ

[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]

ବ୍ୟବହାର

[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]
  1. Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 81st edition, CRC press.

ସହାୟକ ଗ୍ରନ୍ଥ

[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]
  • Daane, A. H. (1968). "Yttrium". In Hampel, Clifford A. (ed.). The Encyclopedia of the Chemical Elements. New York: Reinhold Book Corporation. pp. 810–821. LCCN 68-29938.
  • Emsley, John (2001). "Yttrium". Nature's Building Blocks: An A-Z Guide to the Elements. Oxford, England, UK: Oxford University Press. pp. 495–498. ISBN 0-19-850340-7.
  • Gadolin, Johan (1794). "Undersökning af en svart tung Stenart ifrån Ytterby Stenbrott i Roslagen". Kongl. Vetenskaps Academiens Nya Handlingar. 15: 137–155.
  • Greenwood, N. N.; Earnshaw, A. (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 0-7506-3365-4.
  • Stwertka, Albert (1998). "Yttrium". Guide to the Elements (Revised ed.). Oxford University Press. pp. 115–116. ISBN 0-19-508083-1.
  • van der Krogt, Peter (2005-05-05). "39 Yttrium". Elementymology & Elements Multidict. Retrieved 2008-08-06.

ଆହୁରି ପଢନ୍ତୁ

[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]

ବାହାର ଲିଙ୍କ

[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]