ଛାଞ୍ଚ:Infobox lithium

Lithium,  ₃Li

Spectral lines of lithium
ସାଧାରଣ ଗୁଣ
ନାମ, ପ୍ରତୀକ	lithium, Li
Appearance	silvery-white (shown floating in oil)
ଉଚ୍ଚାରଣ	/ˈlɪθiəm/ LI-thee-əm
Lithium in the periodic table
H ↑ Li ↓ Na helium ← lithium → beryllium
ପରମାଣୁ କ୍ରମାଙ୍କ (Z)	3
ଶ୍ରେଣୀ, ବ୍ଳକ	group 1 (alkali metals), s-block
ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ	period 2
ମୌଳିକ ପ୍ରକାର	alkali metal
ମାନକ ପରମାଣବିକ ଓଜନ (±) (Ar)	6.94(1)
ଇଲେକ୍‌ଟ୍ରୋନ୍ ବିନ୍ୟାସ	[He] 2s1
per shell	2, 1
ଭୌତିକ ଗୁଣ
ଅବସ୍ଥା	solid
ଗଳନାଙ୍କ	453.69 K ​(180.54 °C, ​356.97 °F)
ସ୍ଫୁଟନାଙ୍କ	1615 K ​(1342 °C, ​2448 °F)
Density near r.t.	0.534 g/cm3
when liquid, at m.p.	0.512 g/cm3
Critical point	(extrapolated) 3223 K, 67 MPa
Heat of fusion	3.00 kJ/mol
Heat of	147.1 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	24.860 J/(mol·K)
pressure P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 797 885 995 1144 1337 1610
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	+1 ​strongly basic oxide
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 0.98
Atomic radius	empirical: 152 pm
Covalent radius	128±7 pm
Van der Waals radius	182 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure	​body-centered cubic (bcc)
Speed of sound thin rod	6000 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion	46 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity	84.8 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity	92.8 n Ω·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic ordering	paramagnetic
Young's modulus	4.9 GPa
Shear modulus	4.2 GPa
Bulk modulus	11 GPa
Mohs hardness	0.6
CAS Number	7439-93-2
ଇତିହାସ
ଆବିଷ୍କାର	Johan August Arfwedson (1817)
First isolation	William Thomas Brande (1821)
Most stable isotopes of lithium
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP 6Li 7.5% 6Li is stable with 3 neutrons 7Li 92.5% 7Li is stable with 4 neutrons
6Li content may be as low as 3.75% in natural samples. 7Li would therefore have a content of up to 96.25%.

References

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