ଛାଞ୍ଚ:Infobox Zirconium

Zirconium,  ₄₀Zr

ସାଧାରଣ ଗୁଣ
ନାମ, ପ୍ରତୀକ	zirconium, Zr
Appearance	silvery white
ଉଚ୍ଚାରଣ	/zərˈkoʊniəm/ zər-KOH-ni-əm
Zirconium in the periodic table
Ti ↑ Zr ↓ Hf yttrium ← zirconium → niobium
ପରମାଣୁ କ୍ରମାଙ୍କ (Z)	40
ଶ୍ରେଣୀ, ବ୍ଳକ	group 4, d-block
ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ	period 5
ମୌଳିକ ପ୍ରକାର	transition metal
ମାନକ ପରମାଣବିକ ଓଜନ (Ar)	91.224
ଇଲେକ୍‌ଟ୍ରୋନ୍ ବିନ୍ୟାସ	[Kr] 5s2 4d2
per shell	2, 8, 18, 10, 2
ଭୌତିକ ଗୁଣ
ଅବସ୍ଥା	solid
ଗଳନାଙ୍କ	2128 K ​(1855 °C, ​3371 °F)
ସ୍ଫୁଟନାଙ୍କ	4682 K ​(4409 °C, ​7968 °F)
Density near r.t.	6.52 g/cm3
when liquid, at m.p.	5.8 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	14 kJ/mol
Heat of	573 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	25.36 J/(mol·K)
pressure P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 2639 2891 3197 3575 4053 4678
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	4, 3, 2, 1 (amphoteric oxide)
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 1.33
Atomic radius	empirical: 160 pm
Covalent radius	175±7 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure	​hexagonal close-packed (hcp)
Speed of sound thin rod	3800 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion	5.7 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity	22.6 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity	421 n Ω·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic ordering	paramagnetic
Young's modulus	88 GPa
Shear modulus	33 GPa
Bulk modulus	91.1 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.34
Mohs hardness	5.0
Vickers hardness	903 MPa
Brinell hardness	650 MPa
CAS Number	7440-67-7
ଇତିହାସ
ଆବିଷ୍କାର	Martin Heinrich Klaproth (1789)
First isolation	Jöns Jakob Berzelius (1824)
Most stable isotopes of zirconium
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP 88Zr syn 83.4 d ε - 88Y γ 0.392D - 89Zr syn 78.4 h ε - 89Y β+ 0.902 89Y γ 0.909D - 90Zr 51.45% 90Zr is stable with 50 neutrons 91Zr 11.22% 91Zr is stable with 51 neutrons 92Zr 17.15% 92Zr is stable with 52 neutrons 93Zr trace 1.53×106 y β− 0.060 93Nb 94Zr 17.38% >1.1×1017 y β−β− 1.144 94Mo 96Zr 2.8% 2.0×1019 y β−β− 3.348 96Mo

References

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