ଛାଞ୍ଚ:Infobox Tungsten

Tungsten,  ₇₄W

ସାଧାରଣ ଗୁଣ
ନାମ, ପ୍ରତୀକ	tungsten, W
Appearance	grayish white, lustrous
ଉଚ୍ଚାରଣ	/ˈtʌŋstən/ TUNG-stən; /ˈwʊlfrəm/ WUUL-frəm
Tungsten in the periodic table
Mo ↑ W ↓ Sg tantalum ← tungsten → rhenium
ପରମାଣୁ କ୍ରମାଙ୍କ (Z)	74
ଶ୍ରେଣୀ, ବ୍ଳକ	group 6, d-block
ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ	period 6
ମୌଳିକ ପ୍ରକାର	transition metal
ମାନକ ପରମାଣବିକ ଓଜନ (Ar)	183.84
ଇଲେକ୍‌ଟ୍ରୋନ୍ ବିନ୍ୟାସ	[Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2
per shell	2, 8, 18, 32, 12, 2
ଭୌତିକ ଗୁଣ
ଅବସ୍ଥା	solid
ଗଳନାଙ୍କ	3695 K ​(3422 °C, ​6192 °F)
ସ୍ଫୁଟନାଙ୍କ	5828 K ​(5555 °C, ​10031 °F)
Density near r.t.	19.25 g/cm3
when liquid, at m.p.	17.6 g/cm3
Critical point	13892 K,  MPa
Heat of fusion	35.3 kJ/mol
Heat of	806.7 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	24.27 J/(mol·K)
pressure P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 3477 3773 4137 4579 5127 5823
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0, −1, −2 (mildly acidic oxide)
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 2.36
Atomic radius	empirical: 139 pm
Covalent radius	162±7 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure	​body-centered cubic (bcc)
Speed of sound thin rod	(annealed) 4620 m/s (at r.t.)
Thermal expansion	4.5 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity	173 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity	52.8 n Ω·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic ordering	paramagnetic
Young's modulus	411 GPa
Shear modulus	161 GPa
Bulk modulus	310 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.28
Mohs hardness	7.5
Vickers hardness	3430 MPa
Brinell hardness	2570 MPa
CAS Number	7440-33-7
ଇତିହାସ
ଆବିଷ୍କାର	Torbern Bergman (1781)
First isolation	Juan José Elhuyar and Fausto Elhuyar (1783)
Most stable isotopes of tungsten
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP 180W 0.12% 1.8×1018 y α 2.516 176Hf 181W syn 121.2 d ε 0.188 181Ta 182W 26.50% >1.7×1020 y α 1.772 178Hf 183W 14.31% >8×1019 y α 1.680 179Hf 184W 30.64% >1.8×1020 y α 1.123 180Hf 185W syn 75.1 d β− 0.433 185Re 186W 28.43% >4.1×1018 y α 1.656 182Hf β−β− - 186Os

References

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