 |
|
| ନାମ, ପ୍ରତୀକ | gallium, Ga |
|---|
| Appearance | silver-white |
|---|
| ଉଚ୍ଚାରଣ | GAL-ee-əm |
|---|
|
|
|
| ପରମାଣୁ କ୍ରମାଙ୍କ (Z) | 31 |
|---|
| ଶ୍ରେଣୀ, ବ୍ଳକ | group 13, p-block |
|---|
| ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ | period 4 |
|---|
| ମୌଳିକ ପ୍ରକାର | post-transition metal |
|---|
| ମାନକ ପରମାଣବିକ ଓଜନ (±) (Ar) | 69.723(1) |
|---|
| ଇଲେକ୍ଟ୍ରୋନ୍ ବିନ୍ୟାସ | [Ar] 4s2 3d10 4p1 |
|---|
per shell | 2, 8, 18, 3 |
|---|
|
| ଅବସ୍ଥା | solid |
|---|
| ଗଳନାଙ୍କ | 302.9146 K (29.7646 °C, 85.5763 °F) |
|---|
| ସ୍ଫୁଟନାଙ୍କ | 2477 K (2204 °C, 3999 °F) |
|---|
| Density near r.t. | 5.91 g/cm3 |
|---|
| when liquid, at m.p. | 6.095 g/cm3 |
|---|
| Heat of fusion | 5.59 kJ/mol |
|---|
| Heat of | 254 kJ/mol |
|---|
| Molar heat capacity | 25.86 J/(mol·K) |
|---|
pressure
| P (Pa) |
1 |
10 |
100 |
1 k |
10 k |
100 k |
| at T (K) |
1310 |
1448 |
1620 |
1838 |
2125 |
2518 |
|
|
| Oxidation states | 3, 2, 1 amphoteric oxide |
|---|
| Electronegativity | Pauling scale: 1.81 |
|---|
| energies |
(more) |
|---|
| Atomic radius | empirical: 135 pm |
|---|
| Covalent radius | 122±3 pm |
|---|
| Van der Waals radius | 187 pm |
|---|
|
| Crystal structure | orthorhombic |
|---|
| Speed of sound thin rod | 2740 m/s (at 20 °C) |
|---|
| Thermal expansion | 18 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C) |
|---|
| Thermal conductivity | 40.6 W/(m·K) |
|---|
| Electrical resistivity | 270 n Ω·m (at 20 °C) |
|---|
| Magnetic ordering | diamagnetic |
|---|
| Young's modulus | 9.8 GPa |
|---|
| Poisson ratio | 0.47 |
|---|
| Mohs hardness | 1.5 |
|---|
| Brinell hardness | 60 MPa |
|---|
| CAS Number | 7440-55-3 |
|---|
|
| Prediction | Dmitri Mendeleev (1871) |
|---|
| ଆବିଷ୍କାର | Lecoq de Boisbaudran (1875) |
|---|
| First isolation | Lecoq de Boisbaudran (1875) |
|---|
|
|
|
| | references |
