ଛାଞ୍ଚ:Infobox Cerium

Cerium,  ₅₈Ce

ସାଧାରଣ ଗୁଣ
ନାମ, ପ୍ରତୀକ	cerium, Ce
Appearance	silvery white
ଉଚ୍ଚାରଣ	/ˈsɪəriəm/
Cerium in the periodic table
- ↑ Ce ↓ Th lanthanum ← cerium → praseodymium
ପରମାଣୁ କ୍ରମାଙ୍କ (Z)	58
ଶ୍ରେଣୀ, ବ୍ଳକ	group n/a, f-block
ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ	period 6
ମୌଳିକ ପ୍ରକାର	lanthanide
ମାନକ ପରମାଣବିକ ଓଜନ (Ar)	140.116
ଇଲେକ୍‌ଟ୍ରୋନ୍ ବିନ୍ୟାସ	[Xe] 4f1 5d1 6s2
per shell	2, 8, 18, 19, 9, 2
ଭୌତିକ ଗୁଣ
ଅବସ୍ଥା	solid
ଗଳନାଙ୍କ	1068 K ​(795 °C, ​1463 °F)
ସ୍ଫୁଟନାଙ୍କ	3716 K ​(3443 °C, ​6229 °F)
Density near r.t.	6.770 g/cm3
when liquid, at m.p.	6.55 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	5.46 kJ/mol
Heat of	398 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	26.94 J/(mol·K)
pressure P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 1992 2194 2442 2754 3159 3705
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	4, 3, 2, 1 (mildly basic oxide)
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 1.12
Atomic radius	empirical: 181.8 pm
Covalent radius	204±9 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure	​face-centered cubic (fcc)
Speed of sound thin rod	2100 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion	(r.t.) (γ, poly) 6.3 µm/(m·K)
Thermal conductivity	11.3 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity	(r.t.) (β, poly) 828 n Ω·m
Magnetic ordering	paramagnetic
Young's modulus	(γ form) 33.6 GPa
Shear modulus	(γ form) 13.5 GPa
Bulk modulus	(γ form) 21.5 GPa
Poisson ratio	(γ form) 0.24
Mohs hardness	2.5
Vickers hardness	270 MPa
Brinell hardness	412 MPa
CAS Number	7440-45-1
ଇତିହାସ
ଆବିଷ୍କାର	Martin Heinrich Klaproth, Jöns Jakob Berzelius, Wilhelm Hisinger (1803)
First isolation	Carl Gustaf Mosander (1839)
Most stable isotopes of cerium
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP 134Ce syn 3.16 d ε 0.500 134La 136Ce 0.185% >3.8×1016 y β+β+ 2.419 136Ba 138Ce 0.251% >1.5×1014 y β+β+ 0.694 138Ba 139Ce syn 137.640 d ε 0.278 139La 140Ce 88.450% 140Ce is stable with 82 neutrons 141Ce syn 32.501 d β− 0.581 141Pr 142Ce 11.114% >5×1016 y β−β− 1.417 142Nd α 1.298 138Ba 144Ce syn 284.893 d β− 0.319 144Pr

References

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