ଛାଞ୍ଚ:Infobox Calcium

Calcium,  ₂₀Ca

Spectral lines of calcium
ସାଧାରଣ ଗୁଣ
ନାମ, ପ୍ରତୀକ	calcium, Ca
Appearance	dull gray, silver
ଉଚ୍ଚାରଣ	/ˈkælsiəm/ KAL-see-əm
Calcium in the periodic table
Mg ↑ Ca ↓ Sr potassium ← calcium → scandium
ପରମାଣୁ କ୍ରମାଙ୍କ (Z)	20
ଶ୍ରେଣୀ, ବ୍ଳକ	group 2 (alkaline earth metals), s-block
ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ	period 4
ମୌଳିକ ପ୍ରକାର	alkaline earth metal
ମାନକ ପରମାଣବିକ ଓଜନ (±) (Ar)	40.078(4)
ଇଲେକ୍‌ଟ୍ରୋନ୍ ବିନ୍ୟାସ	[Ar] 4s2
per shell	2, 8, 8, 2
ଭୌତିକ ଗୁଣ
ଅବସ୍ଥା	solid
ଗଳନାଙ୍କ	1115 K ​(842 °C, ​1548 °F)
ସ୍ଫୁଟନାଙ୍କ	1757 K ​(1484 °C, ​2703 °F)
Density near r.t.	1.55 g/cm3
when liquid, at m.p.	1.378 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	8.54 kJ/mol
Heat of	154.7 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	25.929 J/(mol·K)
pressure P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 864 956 1071 1227 1443 1755
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	+2, +1 ​strongly basic oxide
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 1.00
energies	(more)
Atomic radius	empirical: 197 pm
Covalent radius	176±10 pm
Van der Waals radius	231 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure	​face-centered cubic (fcc)
Speed of sound thin rod	3810 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion	22.3 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity	201 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity	33.6 n Ω·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic ordering	diamagnetic
Young's modulus	20 GPa
Shear modulus	7.4 GPa
Bulk modulus	17 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.31
Mohs hardness	1.75
Brinell hardness	167 MPa
CAS Number	7440-70-2
ଇତିହାସ
ଆବିଷ୍କାର	Humphry Davy (1808)
First isolation	Humphry Davy (1808)
Most stable isotopes of calcium
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP 40Ca 96.941% >5.9×1021 y β+β+ 0.194 40Ar 41Ca trace 1.03×105 y ε - 41K 42Ca 0.647% 42Ca is stable with 22 neutrons 43Ca 0.135% 43Ca is stable with 23 neutrons 44Ca 2.086% 44Ca is stable with 24 neutrons 45Ca syn 162.7 d β− 0.258 45Sc 46Ca 0.004% >2.8×1015 y β−β− 0.988 46Ti 47Ca syn 4.536 d β− 0.694, 1.99 47Sc γ 1.297 - 48Ca 0.187% 4.3×1019 y β−β− 4.274 48Ti β− (not observed) 0.0058 48Sc

References

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