ଛାଞ୍ଚ:Infobox Aluminium

Aluminium,  ₁₃Al

Spectral lines of aluminium
ସାଧାରଣ ଗୁଣ
ନାମ, ପ୍ରତୀକ	aluminium, Al
Appearance	silvery gray metallic
ଉଚ୍ଚାରଣ	UK: /ˌæljˈmɪniəm/ (listen) AL-ew-MIN-ee-əm; US: /əˈljuːmnəm/ (listen) ə-LEW-mi-nəm
Aluminium in the periodic table
B ↑ Al ↓ Ga magnesium ← aluminium → silicon
ପରମାଣୁ କ୍ରମାଙ୍କ (Z)	13
ଶ୍ରେଣୀ, ବ୍ଳକ	group 13, p-block
ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ	period 3
ମୌଳିକ ପ୍ରକାର	post-transition metal
ମାନକ ପରମାଣବିକ ଓଜନ (±) (Ar)	୨୬.୯୮୧୫୩୮୬(13)
ଇଲେକ୍‌ଟ୍ରୋନ୍ ବିନ୍ୟାସ	[Ne] 3s2 3p1
per shell	2, 8, 3
ଭୌତିକ ଗୁଣ
ଅବସ୍ଥା	solid
ଗଳନାଙ୍କ	933.47 K ​(660.32 °C, ​1220.58 °F)
ସ୍ଫୁଟନାଙ୍କ	2792 K ​(2519 °C, ​4566 °F)
Density near r.t.	2.70 g/cm3
when liquid, at m.p.	2.375 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	10.71 kJ/mol
Heat of	294.0 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	24.200 J/(mol·K)
pressure P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 1482 1632 1817 2054 2364 2790
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	3, 2, 1 ​amphoteric oxide
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 1.61
energies	(more)
Atomic radius	empirical: 143 pm
Covalent radius	୧୨୧±୪ pm
Van der Waals radius	184 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure	​face-centered cubic (fcc)
Speed of sound thin rod	(rolled) 5,000 m/s (at r.t.)
Thermal expansion	23.1 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity	237 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity	28.2 n Ω·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic ordering	paramagnetic
Young's modulus	70 GPa
Shear modulus	26 GPa
Bulk modulus	76 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.35
Mohs hardness	2.75
Vickers hardness	167 MPa
Brinell hardness	245 MPa
CAS Number	7429-90-5
ଇତିହାସ
Prediction	Antoine Lavoisier (1787)
First isolation	Friedrich Wöhler (1827)
Named by	Humphry Davy (1807)
Most stable isotopes of aluminium
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP 26Al trace ୭.୧୭×୧୦୫yr β+ 1.17 26Mg ε - 26Mg γ 1.8086 - 27Al 100% 27Al is stable with 14 neutrons

References

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