ଲିସଡେକ୍ସାମଫେଟାମାଇନ

ଲିସଡେକ୍ସାମଫେଟାମାଇନ
Clinical data
Trade names	Tyvense, Elvanse, Vyvanse, others
Synonyms	(2S)-2,6-Diamino-N-[(2S)-1-phenylpropan-2-yl]hexanamide; N-[(2S)-1-Phenyl-2-propanyl]-L-lysinamide
AHFS/Drugs.com	monograph
MedlinePlus	a607047
data	US DailyMed: Lisdexamfetamine;
Pregnancy; category	AU: B3 ; US: C (Risk not ruled out) ; ;
Dependence; liability	High
Addiction; liability	Moderate
Routes of; administration	By mouth (capsules)
Legal status
Legal status	AU: S8 (Controlled) ; CA: Schedule II ; DE: Anlage III (Prescription only) ; UK: Class B ; US: Schedule II ; ℞ (Prescription only);
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	96.4%
Metabolism	Hydrolysis by enzymes in red blood cells initially.; Subsequent metabolism follows Amphetamine#Pharmacokinetics.
Onset of action	2 h
Elimination half-life	≤1 h (prodrug molecule); 9–11 h (dextroamphetamine)
Duration of action	10–12 h
Excretion	Renal: ~2%
Identifiers
	IUPAC name (2S)-2,6-Diamino-N-[(1S)-1-methyl-2-phenylethyl]hexanamide;
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C15H25N3O
Molar mass	୨୬୩.୩୯ g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES O=C(N[C@H](Cc1ccccc1)C)[C@@H](N)CCCCN;
	InChI InChI=1S/C15H25N3O/c1-12(11-13-7-3-2-4-8-13)18-15(19)14(17)9-5-6-10-16/h2-4,7-8,12,14H,5-6,9-11,16-17H2,1H3,(H,18,19)/t12-,14-/m0/s1 ; Key:VOBHXZCDAVEXEY-JSGCOSHPSA-N ;
(verify)

ଲିସଡେକ୍ସାମଫେଟାମାଇନ ଏକ ବେପାର ନାମ ଭିଭାନ୍ସ, ଏକ ଔଷଧ ଯାହା ପାଞ୍ଚ ବର୍ଷରୁ ଅଧିକ ବୟସର ଲୋକଙ୍କ ମଧ୍ୟରେ ଧ୍ୟାନ ଅଭାବର ହାଇପରାକ୍ଟିଭିଟି ଡିସଅର୍ଡର୍ (ADHD)ର ଚିକିତ୍ସା ପାଇଁ ତଥା ବୟସ୍କମାନଙ୍କ ମଧ୍ୟରେ ମଧ୍ୟମରୁ ଗୁରୁତର ଅନିୟନ୍ତ୍ରିତ ଖାଦ୍ୟ ଖାଉଥିବା ଲୋକ ପାଇଁ ବ୍ୟବହୃତ ହୁଏ | ^[୬] ଲିସଡେକ୍ସାମଫେଟାମାଇନ୍ ପାଟିରେ ଦିଆଯାଏ | ^[୧] ^[୭] ଯୁକ୍ତରାଜ୍ୟରେ ଏହା ସାଧାରଣତ ମିଥାଇଲଫେନିଡେଟ ଅପେକ୍ଷା କମ୍ ପସନ୍ଦ କରାଯାଏ | ^[୮] ଏହାର ପ୍ରଭାବ ସାଧାରଣତ ୨ ଘଣ୍ଟା ମଧ୍ୟରେ ଆରମ୍ଭ ହୁଏ ଏବଂ ୧୨ ଘଣ୍ଟା ପର୍ଯ୍ୟନ୍ତ ରହିଥାଏ | ^[୧]

ସାଧାରଣ ପାର୍ଶ୍ୱ ପ୍ରତିକ୍ରିୟାରେ ଅରୁଚି/ଭୋକ ହ୍ରାସ, ଉତ୍କଣ୍ଠା, ତରଳ ଝାଡ଼ା, ଶୋଇବାରେ ଅସୁବିଧା, ଚିଡ଼ଚିଡ଼ାପଣ ଏବଂ ଅଇ ଲାଗେ | ^[୬] ବିରଳ କିନ୍ତୁ ଗମ୍ଭୀର ପାର୍ଶ୍ୱ ପ୍ରତିକ୍ରିୟାରେ ମାନିଆ, ଅନ୍ତର୍ନିହିତ ହୃତ୍‌ପିଣ୍ଡ ସମସ୍ୟା ଥିଲେ ହୃଦ୍‌‌ରୋଧ ଏବଂ ସାଇକୋସିସ ରୋଗ ହୋଇପାରେ | ^[୧] ଡିଇଏ ଅନୁସାରେ ଏହାର ଅପବ୍ୟବ‌ହାରର ଉଚ୍ଚ ସମ୍ଭାବନା ଅଛି | ^[୧] ^[୭] ଅନ୍ୟ କେତେକ ନିର୍ଦ୍ଦିଷ୍ଟ ଔଷଧ ସହିତ ବ୍ୟବହୃତ ହେଲେ ସେରୋଟୋନିନ୍ ସିଣ୍ଡ୍ରୋମ ହୋଇପାରେ | ^[୧] ଗର୍ଭାବସ୍ଥାରେ ଏହାର ବ୍ୟବହାର ଶିଶୁର କ୍ଷତି ଘଟାଇପାରେ ଏବଂ ସ୍ତନ୍ୟପାନ ସମୟରେ ବ୍ୟବହାର ସୁପାରିଶ କରାଯାଏ ନାହିଁ | ^[୮] ^[୧] ^[୯] ଲିସଡେକ୍ସାମଫେଟାମାଇନ୍ ହେଉଛି ଏକ କେନ୍ଦ୍ରୀୟ ସ୍ନାୟୁ ମଣ୍ଡଳୀର ଉତ୍ତେଜକ ଯାହା ଶରୀରଦ୍ୱାରା ଡେକ୍ସଟ୍ରୋଆମ୍ଫେଟାମିନରେ ପରିଣତ ହେବା ପରେ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟକ୍ଷମ ହୁଏ | ^[୧] ^[୧୦] ରାସାୟନିକ ଭାବରେ ଆମିନୋଏସିଡ ଏଲ‌-ଲାଇସିନ ସ‌ହିତ ଡେକ୍ସଟ୍ରୋଆମ୍ପେଟାମାଇନ ସଂଯୁକ୍ତ ହୋଇ ଲିସଡେକ୍ସାମଫେଟାମାଇନ ତିଆରି ହୁଏ | ^[୧୧]

ଯୁକ୍ତରାଷ୍ଟ୍ରରେ ଡାକ୍ତରୀ ବ୍ୟବହାର ନିମନ୍ତେ ଲିସଡେକ୍ସାମଫେଟାମାଇନ ୨୦୦୭ ମସିହାରେ ମଞ୍ଜୁର ହୋଇଥିଲା । ^[୬] ଲିସଡେକ୍ସାମଫେଟାମାଇନ ଯୁକ୍ତରାଜ୍ୟରେ ୨୦୧୯ରେ ମୂଲ୍ୟ ୫୮ ପାଉଣ୍ଡ ଥିଲା । ^[୮] ଯୁକ୍ତରାଷ୍ଟ୍ରରେ, ଏହି ପରିମାଣର ହୋଲସେଲ ମୂଲ୍ୟ ପ୍ରାୟ ୨୬୪ ଡଲାର ଅଟେ | ^[୧୨] ୨୦୧୭ ରେ, ଏହା ଯୁକ୍ତରାଷ୍ଟ୍ରରେ ୯୧ତମ ସାଧାରଣତ ପ୍ରେସକ୍ରିପସନ୍ ଔଷଧ ଥିଲା, ଯେଉଁଥିରେ ଆଠ ଲକ୍ଷରୁ ଅଧିକ ପ୍ରେସକ୍ରିପସନ୍ ରହିଥିଲା | ^[୧୩] ^[୧୪] ଯୁକ୍ତରାଜ୍ୟରେ ଏହା ଏକ ସିଡ୍ୟୁଲ-୨ ନିୟନ୍ତ୍ରିତ ପଦାର୍ଥ ଏବଂ ଯୁକ୍ତରାଷ୍ଟ୍ରରେ ମଧ୍ୟ ଏକ ସିଡ୍ୟୁଲ-୨ ନିୟନ୍ତ୍ରିତ ପଦାର୍ଥ | ^[୧୫] ^[୧୬]

ଆଧାର

↑ ^୧.୦ ^୧.୧ ^୧.୨ ^୧.୩ ^୧.୪ ^୧.୫ ^୧.୬ ^୧.୭ "Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 8 June 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
↑ ^୨.୦ ^୨.୧ Stahl SM (March 2017). "Lisdexamfetamine". Prescriber's Guide: Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology (6th ed.). Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press. pp. 379–384. ISBN 9781108228749.
↑ "Public Assessment Report Decentralised Procedure" (PDF). MHRA. p. 14. Archived (PDF) from the original on 31 October 2018. Retrieved 23 August 2014.
↑ ^୪.୦ ^୪.୧ Millichap JG (2010). "Chapter 9: Medications for ADHD". In Millichap JG (ed.). Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Handbook: A Physician's Guide to ADHD (2nd ed.). New York, USA: Springer. p. 112. ISBN 9781441913968.
Table 9.2 Dextroamphetamine formulations of stimulant medication
Dexedrine [Peak:2–3 h] [Duration:5–6 h] ...
Adderall [Peak:2–3 h] [Duration:5–7 h]
Dexedrine spansules [Peak:7–8 h] [Duration:12 h] ...
Adderall XR [Peak:7–8 h] [Duration:12 h]
Vyvanse [Peak:3–4 h] [Duration:12 h]
↑ ^୫.୦ ^୫.୧ Brams M, Mao AR, Doyle RL (September 2008). "Onset of efficacy of long-acting psychostimulants in pediatric attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder". Postgrad. Med. 120 (3): 69–88. doi:10.3810/pgm.2008.09.1909. PMID 18824827. Onset of efficacy was earliest for d-MPH-ER at 0.5 hours, followed by d, l-MPH-LA at 1 to 2 hours, MCD at 1.5 hours, d, l-MPH-OR at 1 to 2 hours, MAS-XR at 1.5 to 2 hours, MTS at 2 hours, and LDX at approximately 2 hours. ... MAS-XR, and LDX have a long duration of action at 12 hours postdose
↑ ^୬.୦ ^୬.୧ ^୬.୨ "Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 8 June 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
↑ ^୭.୦ ^୭.୧ "Lisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse) Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). Archived from the original on 11 November 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
↑ ^୮.୦ ^୮.୧ ^୮.୨ British national formulary: BNF 76 (76 ed.). Pharmaceutical Press. 2018. pp. 348–349. ISBN 9780857113382.
↑ "Lisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse) Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). Archived from the original on 11 November 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
↑ Heal DJ, Smith SL, Gosden J, Nutt DJ (June 2013). "Amphetamine, past and present – a pharmacological and clinical perspective". J. Psychopharmacol. 27 (6): 479–496. doi:10.1177/0269881113482532. PMC 3666194. PMID 23539642.
↑ Blick SK, Keating GM (2007). "Lisdexamfetamine". Paediatric Drugs. 9 (2): 129–135, discussion 136–138. doi:10.2165/00148581-200709020-00007. PMID 17407369.
↑ "NADAC as of 2019-02-27". Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). Archived from the original on 6 March 2019. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
↑ "The Top 300 of 2020". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 12 February 2021. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
↑ "Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate - Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 27 January 2021. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
↑ British national formulary: BNF 76 (76 ed.). Pharmaceutical Press. 2018. pp. 348–349. ISBN 9780857113382.
↑ Drugs of Abuse (PDF). Drug Enforcement Administration • U.S. Department of Justice. 2017. p. 22. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 June 2021. Retrieved 16 April 2019.

[AHFS2019-1] ୧.୦ ^୧.୧ ^୧.୨ ^୧.୩ ^୧.୪ ^୧.୫ ^୧.୬ ^୧.୭ "Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 8 June 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.

[Stahl's_Essential_Psychopharmacology_-_Lisdexamfetamine-2] ୨.୦ ^୨.୧ Stahl SM (March 2017). "Lisdexamfetamine". Prescriber's Guide: Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology (6th ed.). Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press. pp. 379–384. ISBN 9781108228749.

[3] "Public Assessment Report Decentralised Procedure" (PDF). MHRA. p. 14. Archived (PDF) from the original on 31 October 2018. Retrieved 23 August 2014.

[Millichap:_onset,_peak,_and_duration-4] ୪.୦ ^୪.୧ Millichap JG (2010). "Chapter 9: Medications for ADHD". In Millichap JG (ed.). Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Handbook: A Physician's Guide to ADHD (2nd ed.). New York, USA: Springer. p. 112. ISBN 9781441913968.
Table 9.2 Dextroamphetamine formulations of stimulant medication
Dexedrine [Peak:2–3 h] [Duration:5–6 h] ...
Adderall [Peak:2–3 h] [Duration:5–7 h]
Dexedrine spansules [Peak:7–8 h] [Duration:12 h] ...
Adderall XR [Peak:7–8 h] [Duration:12 h]
Vyvanse [Peak:3–4 h] [Duration:12 h]

[XR_onset-duration-5] ୫.୦ ^୫.୧ Brams M, Mao AR, Doyle RL (September 2008). "Onset of efficacy of long-acting psychostimulants in pediatric attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder". Postgrad. Med. 120 (3): 69–88. doi:10.3810/pgm.2008.09.1909. PMID 18824827. Onset of efficacy was earliest for d-MPH-ER at 0.5 hours, followed by d, l-MPH-LA at 1 to 2 hours, MCD at 1.5 hours, d, l-MPH-OR at 1 to 2 hours, MAS-XR at 1.5 to 2 hours, MTS at 2 hours, and LDX at approximately 2 hours. ... MAS-XR, and LDX have a long duration of action at 12 hours postdose

[autogen1-6] ୬.୦ ^୬.୧ ^୬.୨ "Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 8 June 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.

[DailyMed2019-7] ୭.୦ ^୭.୧ "Lisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse) Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). Archived from the original on 11 November 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2019.

[BNF76-8] ୮.୦ ^୮.୧ ^୮.୨ British national formulary: BNF 76 (76 ed.). Pharmaceutical Press. 2018. pp. 348–349. ISBN 9780857113382.

[autogen5-9] "Lisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse) Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). Archived from the original on 11 November 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2019.

[Amp2013-10] Heal DJ, Smith SL, Gosden J, Nutt DJ (June 2013). "Amphetamine, past and present – a pharmacological and clinical perspective". J. Psychopharmacol. 27 (6): 479–496. doi:10.1177/0269881113482532. PMC 3666194. PMID 23539642.

[pmid17407369-11] Blick SK, Keating GM (2007). "Lisdexamfetamine". Paediatric Drugs. 9 (2): 129–135, discussion 136–138. doi:10.2165/00148581-200709020-00007. PMID 17407369.

[NADAC2019-12] "NADAC as of 2019-02-27". Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). Archived from the original on 6 March 2019. Retrieved 3 March 2019.

[ref-13] "The Top 300 of 2020". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 12 February 2021. Retrieved 11 April 2020.

[ref1-14] "Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate - Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 27 January 2021. Retrieved 11 April 2020.

[autogen6-15] British national formulary: BNF 76 (76 ed.). Pharmaceutical Press. 2018. pp. 348–349. ISBN 9780857113382.

[DEA2017-16] Drugs of Abuse (PDF). Drug Enforcement Administration • U.S. Department of Justice. 2017. p. 22. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 June 2021. Retrieved 16 April 2019.

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