ଫେନସାଇକ୍ଲିଡିନ

ଫେନସାଇକ୍ଲିଡିନ
Clinical data
Trade names	Sernyl, Sernylan (both discontinued)
Synonyms	Phenylcyclohexyl piperidine, Angel dust, animal tranquilizer, embalming fluid, wack
AHFS/Drugs.com	entry
Addiction; liability	Variable reported from low to high
Routes of; administration	Smoking, injection, snorted, by mouth
ATC code	None;
Legal status
Legal status	AU: S9 (Prohibited) ; CA: Schedule I ; DE: Anlage I (Controlled) ; UK: Class A ; US: Schedule II ;
Pharmacokinetic data
Onset of action	2–60 min
Elimination half-life	7–46 hours
Duration of action	6–48 hours
Identifiers
	IUPAC name 1-(1-Phenylcyclohexyl)piperidine;
CAS Number	77-10-1 ;
PubChem CID	6468;
IUPHAR/BPS	4282;
DrugBank	DB03575 ;
ChemSpider	6224 ;
UNII	J1DOI7UV76;
KEGG	C07575 ;
ChEBI	CHEBI:8058 ;
ChEMBL	CHEMBL275528 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.150.427
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C17H25N
Molar mass	୨୪୩.୩୯ g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES C1(C2(N3CCCCC3)CCCCC2)=CC=CC=C1;
	InChI InChI=1S/C17H25N/c1-4-10-16(11-5-1)17(12-6-2-7-13-17)18-14-8-3-9-15-18/h1,4-5,10-11H,2-3,6-9,12-15H2 ; Key:JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;
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ଇଂରାଜୀ ଲିଙ୍କ

https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phencyclidine

ଫେନସାଇକ୍ଲିଡିନ (ଇଂରାଜୀ ଭାଷାରେ Phencyclidine/ PCP), ଅନ୍ୟ ଏକ ନାମ ଆଞ୍ଜେଲ ଡସ୍ଟ/ angel dust among other names) ଏକ ଔଷଧ ଯାହାର ମନ-ପରିବର୍ତ୍ତନ ପ୍ରଭାବ ଥାଏ ।^[୧] ଏହା ଯୋଗୁ ହାଲ୍ୟୁସିନେସନ (hallucinations), ବିକୃତ ଧ୍ୱନି ଶ୍ରବଣ ଓ ହିଂସାପରାୟଣ ବ୍ୟବ‌ହାର (violent behavior ଦେଖାଯାଇପାରେ).^[୭]^[୮] ଏହା ଏକ ମନୋରଞ୍ଜନ‌କାରୀ ନିଶାଦ୍ରବ୍ୟ recreational drug ଯାହାକୁ ଧୂମ୍ର (smoked) କରି ନିଆଯାଏ କିନ୍ତୁ ପାଟିରେ (by mouth), ନାକବାଟେ ଆଘ୍ରାଣକରି (snorted) ବା ଇଞ୍ଜେକସନ (injected) ଆକାରରେ ନିଆଯାଇପାରେ ।^[୭]^[୫] ଗଞ୍ଜେଇ (cannabis) ଓ ଧୁଆଁପତ୍ର (tobacco) ସ‌ହିତ ମଧ୍ୟ ନିଆଯାଏ । ^[୧]

ଏହି ଔଷଧର ପ୍ରତିକ୍ରିୟା (Adverse effects) ହେଲେ ରୋଗୀର ବାତ (seizures), କୋମା, ନିଶାଗ୍ରସ୍ତ (addiction), ଆତ୍ମହତ୍ୟାପ୍ରବଣତା ହେବା ଦେଖାଯାଏ ।^[୭] ଔଷଧ ବ୍ୟବ‌ହାର ବନ୍ଦ କଲେ ମଧ୍ୟ ସ୍ମରଣ (Flashbacks) ରହେ ।^[୮] ରାସାୟନିକ ଭାବେ ଏହା ଆରିଲସାଇକ୍ଲୋହେକ୍ସିଲାମିନ (arylcyclohexylamine) ଶ୍ରେଣୀର (class) ଏକ ଔଷଧ ଓ ଫର୍ମାକୋଲୋଜି (pharmacologically) ଅନୁସାରେ ଏହା ଏକ ଡିସୋସିଏଟିଭ ନିଶ୍ଚେତକ (dissociative anesthetic) ।^[୯]^[୧୦] ପିସିପି ପ୍ରାଥମିକ ଭାବରେ ଏନଏମଡିଏ ରିସେପ୍ଟର ଆଣ୍ଟାଗୋନିସ୍ଟ (NMDA receptor antagonist) ଆକାରରେ କାମ କରେ ।^[୯]

ଯୁକ୍ତରାଷ୍ଟ୍ର ଆମେରିକାରେ ଏହି ପିସିପି ବ‌ହୁତ ବ୍ୟବ‌ହାର କରାଯାଏ ।^[୧୧] ସନ ୧୯୭୦ରେ ଏହାର ବ୍ୟବ‌ହାର ଶିର୍ଷରେ ଥିଲା,^[୧୨] ସନ ୨୦୦୫ରୁ ୨୦୧୧ ମଧ୍ୟରେ ଏହି ଡ୍ରଗ ଯୋଗୁ ବିଭିନ୍ନ ଆଶୁ ଚିକିତ୍ସା ବିଭାଗରେ ରୋଗୀ ସଂଖ୍ୟା ବଢ଼ିଯାଇଛନ୍ତି ।^[୭] ଯୁକ୍ତରାଷ୍ଟ୍ର ଆମେରିକାରେ ସନ ୨୦୧୭ରେ ୧୨ ଗ୍ରେଡ ପଢ଼ୁଥିବା ପିଲାଙ୍କ ମଧ୍ୟରୁ ୧% ଓ ୨୫ ବର୍ଷ ବୟସରୁ ଉର୍ଦ୍ଦ୍ୱ ଲୋକଙ୍କ ମଧରୁ ୨.୯% ଲୋକ ଜୀବନରେ କେତେବେଳେ ହେଲେ ଏହା ବ୍ୟବ‌ହାର କରନ୍ତି ।^[୧୩]

ପିସିପି ପ୍ରଥମେ ସନ ୧୯୨୬ରେ ପ୍ରସ୍ତୁତ ହୋଇଥିଲା ଓ ମାର୍କେଟକୁ ସନ ୧୯୫୦ରେ ଏକ ନିଶ୍ଚେତକ (anesthetic) ଔଷଧ ଭାବରେ ଆସିଲା ।^[୧୦]^[୧୪] ସନ ୧୯୬୫ରେ ଏହାକୁ ମାନବ ବ୍ୟବ‌ହାର ପାଇଁ ଓ ସନ ୧୯୭୮ରେ ପଶୁମାନଙ୍କ ପାଇଁ ଏହାର ଅତ୍ୟଧିକ ପାର୍ଶ୍ୱ ପ୍ରତିକ୍ରିୟା ଯୋଗୁ ନିଷିଦ୍ଧ କରାଯାଇଥିଲା ।^[୧]^[୧୫]^[୧୦] ଏହା ପରେ କେଟାମିନ (ketamine) ଆବିଷ୍କୃତ ହୋଇ ଅଧିକ ସ‌ହନଶୀଳତା ଯୋଗୁ ନିଶ୍ଚେତକ ଭାବରେ ବ୍ୟବ‌ହୃତ ହେଲା । ^[୧୫] ଯୁକ୍ତରାଷ୍ଟ୍ରରେ ଅଧୁନା ଏହା ଏକ ନିଷିଦ୍ଧ ଡ୍ରଗ (illegal) ଯାହା ସିଡ୍ୟୁଲ ୨ ଡ୍ରଗ (schedule II drug) ଭାବରେ ନିଷିଦ୍ଧ ହୋଇଛି । ^[୧] ଏହାର କେତେକ ପରିବର୍ତ୍ତୀତ ସଂସ୍କରଣ ମନୋରଞ୍ଜନ ଓ ଅଣ‌ଡାକ୍ତରୀ କାମରେ ବ୍ୟବ‌ହୃଟ ହେଉଛି ।^[୧୬]

ଆଧାର

1 2 3 4 5 "PCP Fast Facts". National Drug Intelligence Center. 2003. Archived from the original on 29 May 2018. Retrieved 19 February 2018.
↑ Malenka RC, Nestler EJ, Hyman SE (2009). "Chapter 15: Reinforcement and Addictive Disorders". In Sydor A, Brown RY (eds.). Molecular Neuropharmacology: A Foundation for Clinical Neuroscience (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill Medical. pp. 374–375. ISBN 9780071481274.
↑ Stobo, John D.; Traill, Thomas A.; Hellmann, David B.; Ladenson, Paul W.; Petty, Brent G. (1996). The Principles and Practice of Medicine (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). McGraw Hill Professional. p. 933. ISBN 9780071383653. high abuse liability
↑ Fetting, Margaret (2015). Perspectives on Substance Use, Disorders, and Addiction: With Clinical Cases (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). SAGE Publications. p. 145. ISBN 9781483377773.
1 2 "NIDA InfoFacts: Hallucinogens – LSD, Peyote, Psilocybin, and PCP". National Institute on Drug Abuse. Retrieved 2018-02-19.
1 2 Riviello, Ralph J. (2010). Manual of forensic emergency medicine : a guide for clinicians. Sudbury, Mass.: Jones and Bartlett Publishers. pp. 41–42. ISBN 9780763744625.
1 2 3 4 Bush, DM (2013). "Emergency Department Visits Involving Phencyclidine (PCP)". PMID 27656747. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
1 2 "Hallucinogens" (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). National Institute on Drug Abuse. January 2016. Retrieved 20 February 2018.
1 2 Marion, Nancy E.; Oliver, Willard M. (2014). Drugs in American Society: An Encyclopedia of History, Politics, Culture, and the Law [3 volumes] (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). ABC-CLIO. p. 732. ISBN 9781610695961.
1 2 3 Zedeck, Beth E.; Zedeck, Morris S. (2007). Forensic Pharmacology (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). Infobase Publishing. p. 97. ISBN 9781438103822.
↑ "GINAD". www.ginad.org (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). Archived from the original on 2018-09-10. Retrieved 2018-11-21.
↑ "PCP". CESAR (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). Archived from the original on 12 March 2010. Retrieved 20 February 2018.
↑ "Hallucinogens". NIAD. Archived from the original on 3 June 2020. Retrieved 20 February 2018.
↑ Bunney, W. E. Jr; Hippius, Hanns; Laakmann, Gregor; Schmauß, Max (2012). Neuropsychopharmacology: Proceedings of the XVIth C.I.N.P. Congress, Munich, August, 15-19, 1988 (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). Springer Science & Business Media. p. 717. ISBN 9783642740343.
1 2 Tasman, Allan; Kay, Jerald; Lieberman, Jeffrey A.; First, Michael B.; Riba, Michelle (2015). Psychiatry, 2 Volume Set (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). John Wiley & Sons. p. 4943. ISBN 9781118753361.
↑ Morris H, Wallach J (2014). "From PCP to MXE: a comprehensive review of the non-medical use of dissociative drugs". Drug Testing and Analysis. 6 (7–8): 614–32. doi:10.1002/dta.1620. PMID 24678061.

ବାହ୍ୟ ଲିଙ୍କ

[Jus2003-1] 1 2 3 4 5 "PCP Fast Facts". National Drug Intelligence Center. 2003. Archived from the original on 29 May 2018. Retrieved 19 February 2018.

[NHM-PCP_and_ketamine-2] Malenka RC, Nestler EJ, Hyman SE (2009). "Chapter 15: Reinforcement and Addictive Disorders". In Sydor A, Brown RY (eds.). Molecular Neuropharmacology: A Foundation for Clinical Neuroscience (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill Medical. pp. 374–375. ISBN 9780071481274.

[3] Stobo, John D.; Traill, Thomas A.; Hellmann, David B.; Ladenson, Paul W.; Petty, Brent G. (1996). The Principles and Practice of Medicine (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). McGraw Hill Professional. p. 933. ISBN 9780071383653. high abuse liability

[4] Fetting, Margaret (2015). Perspectives on Substance Use, Disorders, and Addiction: With Clinical Cases (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). SAGE Publications. p. 145. ISBN 9781483377773.

[NIH2018Fact-5] 1 2 "NIDA InfoFacts: Hallucinogens – LSD, Peyote, Psilocybin, and PCP". National Institute on Drug Abuse. Retrieved 2018-02-19.

[Ri2010-6] 1 2 Riviello, Ralph J. (2010). Manual of forensic emergency medicine : a guide for clinicians. Sudbury, Mass.: Jones and Bartlett Publishers. pp. 41–42. ISBN 9780763744625.

[Bush2013-7] 1 2 3 4 Bush, DM (2013). "Emergency Department Visits Involving Phencyclidine (PCP)". PMID 27656747. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)

[NIH2016Hal-8] 1 2 "Hallucinogens" (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). National Institute on Drug Abuse. January 2016. Retrieved 20 February 2018.

[Mar2014-9] 1 2 Marion, Nancy E.; Oliver, Willard M. (2014). Drugs in American Society: An Encyclopedia of History, Politics, Culture, and the Law [3 volumes] (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). ABC-CLIO. p. 732. ISBN 9781610695961.

[Zed2007-10] 1 2 3 Zedeck, Beth E.; Zedeck, Morris S. (2007). Forensic Pharmacology (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). Infobase Publishing. p. 97. ISBN 9781438103822.

[11] "GINAD". www.ginad.org (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). Archived from the original on 2018-09-10. Retrieved 2018-11-21.

[12] "PCP". CESAR (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). Archived from the original on 12 March 2010. Retrieved 20 February 2018.

[13] "Hallucinogens". NIAD. Archived from the original on 3 June 2020. Retrieved 20 February 2018.

[14] Bunney, W. E. Jr; Hippius, Hanns; Laakmann, Gregor; Schmauß, Max (2012). Neuropsychopharmacology: Proceedings of the XVIth C.I.N.P. Congress, Munich, August, 15-19, 1988 (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). Springer Science & Business Media. p. 717. ISBN 9783642740343.

[Tas2015-15] 1 2 Tasman, Allan; Kay, Jerald; Lieberman, Jeffrey A.; First, Michael B.; Riba, Michelle (2015). Psychiatry, 2 Volume Set (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). John Wiley & Sons. p. 4943. ISBN 9781118753361.

[Morris2014-16] Morris H, Wallach J (2014). "From PCP to MXE: a comprehensive review of the non-medical use of dissociative drugs". Drug Testing and Analysis. 6 (7–8): 614–32. doi:10.1002/dta.1620. PMID 24678061.

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