ନାଲବୁଫାଇନ

ଉଇକିପିଡ଼ିଆ‌ରୁ
Not to be confused with Nalorphine.
ନାଲବୁଫାଇନ
Skeletal formula
Ball-and-stick model of nalbuphine
Clinical data
Trade namesNubain, Nalpain, Nalbuphin, others
AHFS/Drugs.commonograph
MedlinePlusa682668
Pregnancy
category
  • B
Routes of
administration		Intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous
Legal status
Legal status
  • AU: S4 (Prescription only)
  • CA: Schedule IV
  • US: Rx only (unscheduled) Schedule IV in some states
  • Federally Uncontrolled (RX-only) , except in KY , C-IV
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability• Oral: 11% (young adults), >44% (elderly)[୨]
• IM: 81% (10 mg), 83% (20 mg)
• SC: 76% (20 mg), 79% (10 mg)[୩]
Protein binding50%[୨]
MetabolismLiver (glucuronidation)[୧][୨]
MetabolitesGlucuronide conjugates (inactive), others[୪][୧][୨]
Onset of action• Oral: <1 hour[୨]
• Rectal: <30 minutes[୨]
• IV: 2–3 min[୫]
• IM: <15 minutes[୫]
• SC: <15 minutes[୫]
Elimination half-life~5 hours (3–6 hours)<[୪]
Duration of action3–4 hours[୬]
ExcretionUrine, bile, feces;[୨] 93% within 6 hours[୭]
Identifiers
  • (–)-17-(cyclobutylmethyl)-4,5α-epoxymorphinan-3,6α,14-triol
ECHA InfoCard100.039.895 Edit this at Wikidata
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC21H27NO4
Molar mass୩୫୭.୪୫ g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
  • O[C@@H]4[C@@H]5Oc1c2c(ccc1O)C[C@H]3N(CC[C@]25[C@@]3(O)CC4)CC6CCC6
  • InChI=1S/C21H27NO4/c23-14-5-4-13-10-16-21(25)7-6-15(24)19-20(21,17(13)18(14)26-19)8-9-22(16)11-12-2-1-3-12/h4-5,12,15-16,19,23-25H,1-3,6-11H2/t15-,16+,19-,20-,21+/m0/s1 checkY
  • Key:NETZHAKZCGBWSS-CEDHKZHLSA-N checkY
  (verify)
<span title="International nonproprietary name (INN): <nowiki>Mr. Ibrahem/Nalbuphine</nowiki>">Mr. Ibrahem/Nalbuphine
Skeletal formula
Ball-and-stick model of nalbuphine
Clinical data
Trade names Nubain, Nalpain, Nalbuphin, others
AHFS/Drugs.com Monograph
MedlinePlus a682668
Pregnancy

category
  • B
Routes of<br><br>administration Intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous
Drug class Opioid
Legal status
Legal status
  • <abbr class="country-name" title="<nowiki>Australia</nowiki>">AU: S4 (Prescription only)
  • <abbr class="country-name" title="<nowiki>Canada</nowiki>">CA: Schedule IV
  • <abbr class="country-name" title="<nowiki>United States</nowiki>">US: Rx only (unscheduled) Schedule IV in some states
  • Federally Uncontrolled (RX-only) , except in KY , C-IV
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability • Oral: 11% (young adults), >44% (elderly)

• IM</abbr>: 81% (10 mg), 83% (20 mg)

• SC</abbr>: 76% (20 mg), 79% (10 mg)
Protein binding 50%
Metabolism Liver (glucuronidation)
Metabolites Glucuronide conjugates (inactive), others
Onset of action • Oral: <1 hour

• Rectal: <30 minutes

• IV</abbr>: 2–3 min

• IM</abbr>: <15 minutes

• SC</abbr>: <15 minutes
Elimination <span class="nowrap">half-life</span> ~5 hours (3–6 hours)<
Duration of action 3–4 hours
Excretion Urine, bile, feces; 93% within 6 hours
Identifiers
IUPAC name
  • (–)-17-(cyclobutylmethyl)-4,5α-epoxymorphinan-3,6α,14-triol
Chemical and physical data
Formula C21H27NO4
Molar mass 357.450 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
SMILES
  • O[C@@H]4[C@@H]5Oc1c2c(ccc1O)C[C@H]3N(CC[C@]25[C@@]3(O)CC4)CC6CCC6
InChI
  • InChI=1S/C21H27NO4/c23-14-5-4-13-10-16-21(25)7-6-15(24)19-20(21,17(13)18(14)26-19)8-9-22(16)11-12-2-1-3-12/h4-5,12,15-16,19,23-25H,1-3,6-11H2/t15-,16+,19-,20-,21+/m0/s1 checkY
  • Key:NETZHAKZCGBWSS-CEDHKZHLSA-N checkY
  (verify)

ନାଲବୁଫାଇନ, ଅନ୍ୟମାନଙ୍କ ମଧ୍ୟରେ ଏକ ବେପାର ନାମ ନ୍ୟୁବେନ, ବ୍ରାଣ୍ଡ ନାମରେ ବିକ୍ରି ହେଉଥିବା ହେଉଛି ଏକ ଓପିଏଡ୍ ଯାହା ମଧ୍ୟମରୁ ପ୍ରବଳ ଯନ୍ତ୍ରଣାର ଚିକିତ୍ସା ପାଇଁ ବ୍ୟବହୃତ ହୁଏ ।[୫] ଏହା ଏକ ଶିରାରେ, ମାଂସପେଶୀରେ କିମ୍ବା ଚର୍ମ ତଳେ ଇଞ୍ଜେକ୍ସନ ଆକାରରେ ଦିଆଯାଏ ।[୫] ଇଞ୍ଜେକସନ ଦେବାର ୧୫ ମିନିଟ ମଧ୍ୟରେ ପ୍ରଭାବ ଆରମ୍ଭ ହୋଇ ଏବଂ ପ୍ରାୟ ୩ରୁ ୪ ଘଣ୍ଟା ପର୍ଯ୍ୟନ୍ତ ରହିଥାଏ ।[୫] [୬]

ସାଧାରଣ ପାର୍ଶ୍ୱ ପ୍ରତିକ୍ରିୟାରେ ନିଦ୍ରା, ଝାଳ ବୋହିବା, ବାନ୍ତି, ମୁଣ୍ଡ ବୁଲାଇବା, ଶୁଖିଲା ପାଟି ଏବଂ ମୁଣ୍ଡବିନ୍ଧା ହୋଇପାରେ ।[୮] ଯେତେବେଳେ ଏହା କମ୍ ମାତ୍ରାରେ କିଛି ଶ୍ୱାସକ୍ରିୟା ଅବସାଦ ସୃଷ୍ଟି କରେ କିନ୍ତୁ ଅଧିକ ମାତ୍ରାରେ ଯଥେଷ୍ଟ ବୃଦ୍ଧି ହୁଏ ନାହିଁ ।[୪] ଅନ୍ୟାନ୍ୟ ପାର୍ଶ୍ୱ ପ୍ରତିକ୍ରିୟାରେ ଅପବ୍ୟବହାର ଏବଂ ଆନାଫାଇଲକ୍‌ସିସ ଅନ୍ତର୍ଭୁକ୍ତ ହୋଇପାରେ ।[୮] ଏହା ଆଂଶିକ ଆଗୋନିଷ୍ଟ ପ୍ରକାରର ଏକ ଓପିଓଏଡ୍ । [୮]

ନାଲବୁଫାଇନ ୧୯୬୩ ମସିହାରେ ପ୍ୟାଟେଣ୍ଟ ହୋଇଥିଲେ ଏବଂ ୧୯୭୯ରେ ଯୁକ୍ତରାଷ୍ଟ୍ରରେ ଚିକିତ୍ସା ବ୍ୟବହାର ପାଇଁ ଅନୁମୋଦିତ ହୋଇଥିଲେ ।[୯] ଏହା ଏକ ସାଧାରଣ ଔ ଷଧ ଭାବରେ ଉପଲବ୍ଧ । [୮] ଯୁକ୍ତରାଷ୍ଟ୍ରରେ୨୦୨୧ ସୁଦ୍ଧା ୧୦ ମିଗ୍ରା ମାତ୍ରା ନିମନ୍ତେ ପ୍ରାୟ ୪ ଡଲାର ଖର୍ଚ୍ଚ ହୁଏ ।[୧୦] ଏହାକୁ ଅନେକ ଦେଶରେ ବିକ୍ରି କରାଯାଏ ।[୧୧] ଯୁକ୍ତରାଷ୍ଟ୍ରରେ ଏହା ଏକ ନିୟନ୍ତ୍ରିତ ପଦାର୍ଥ ନୁହେଁ ।[୪]

ଆଧାର[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]

  1. ↑ ୧.୦ ୧.୧ Steven D. Waldman (9 June 2011). Pain Management E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences. pp. 910–. ISBN 978-1-4377-3603-8. Archived from the original on 28 October 2021. Retrieved 24 October 2021.
  2. ↑ ୨.୦ ୨.୧ ୨.୨ ୨.୩ ୨.୪ ୨.୫ ୨.୬ Bruno Bissonnette (14 May 2014). Pediatric Anesthesia. PMPH-USA. pp. 398–. ISBN 978-1-60795-213-8. Archived from the original on 28 October 2021. Retrieved 24 October 2021.
  3. ↑ Excerpta medica. Section 24: Anesthesiology. 1988. Archived from the original on 2021-10-28. Retrieved 2021-10-24. The mean absolute bioavailability was 81% and 83% for the 10 and 20 mg intramuscular doses, respectively, and 79% and 76% following 10 and 20 mg of subcutaneous nalbuphine.
  4. ↑ ୪.୦ ୪.୧ ୪.୨ ୪.୩ Narver HL (March 2015). "Nalbuphine, a non-controlled opioid analgesic, and its potential use in research mice". Lab Anim (NY). 44 (3): 106–10. doi:10.1038/laban.701. PMID 25693108. S2CID 25378355.
  5. ↑ ୫.୦ ୫.୧ ୫.୨ ୫.୩ ୫.୪ ୫.୫ Howard S. Smith; Marco Pappagallo (6 September 2012). Essential Pain Pharmacology: The Prescriber's Guide. Cambridge University Press. pp. 343–. ISBN 978-0-521-75910-6. Archived from the original on 28 October 2021. Retrieved 24 October 2021.
  6. ↑ ୬.୦ ୬.୧ Greaves, Ian; Porter, Keith; Smith, Jason (7 June 2016). Practical Prehospital Care E-book: The Principles and Practice of Immediate Care (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 166. ISBN 978-0-7020-4896-8. Archived from the original on 13 November 2021. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
  7. ↑ Yoo YC, Chung HS, Kim IS, Jin WT, Kim MK (Mar–Apr 1995). "Determination of Nalbuphine in Drug Abusers' Urine". Journal of Analytical Toxicology. 19 (2): 120–123. doi:10.1093/jat/19.2.120. PMID 7769781.
  8. ↑ ୮.୦ ୮.୧ ୮.୨ ୮.୩ "Nalbuphine Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). Archived from the original on 27 January 2021. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
  9. ↑ Fischer, Jnos; Ganellin, C. Robin (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). John Wiley & Sons. p. 528. ISBN 9783527607495. Archived from the original on 2021-08-29. Retrieved 2021-10-24.
  10. ↑ "Nalbuphine Prices, Coupons & Patient Assistance Programs". Drugs.com (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). Retrieved 11 November 2021.
  11. ↑ "Nalbuphine". Archived from the original on 2018-06-18. Retrieved 2021-10-24.
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