ଏଟୋନୋଜେଷ୍ଟ୍ରେଲ ଜନ୍ମ ନିୟନ୍ତ୍ରଣ ପ୍ରତିରୋପଣ

ଉଇକିପିଡ଼ିଆ‌ରୁ
Etonogestrel birth control implant
Implanon
Background
TypeHormonal
Progestin-only implant
First use1998  ଇଣ୍ଡୋନେସିଆ
SynonymsEtonogestrel contraceptive implant
Trade namesImplanon, Nexplanon, others
AHFS/Drugs.comFDA Professional Drug Information
Failure rates (first year)
Perfect use0.05%[୧]
Typical use0.05%[୧]
Usage
Duration effect3 to 5 years[୨][୩]
ReversibilityYes
User remindersRequires removal after the 3–5 years[୪]
Advantages and disadvantages
STI protectionNo
WeightMay cause weight gain
Period disadvantagesMay cause irregular or prolonged bleeding
Period advantagesMinimizes pain. In 33% no periods.
BenefitsLong-term contraception.

ଏଟୋନୋଜେଷ୍ଟ୍ରେଲ ଜନ୍ମ ନିୟନ୍ତ୍ରଣ ପ୍ରତିରୋପଣ (ଏକ ବ୍ରାଣ୍ଡ ନାମ ନେକ୍ସପ୍ଲାନନ) ଏକ ଉପକରଣ ଯାହା ଏଟୋନୋଜେଷ୍ଟ୍ରେଲ ପ୍ରଲିପ୍ତ ଏକ ରଡ ସାହାଯ୍ୟରେ ଜନ୍ମ ନିରୋଧ ପାଇଁ ବ୍ୟବହୃତ ହୁଏ | [୫] ସମସ୍ତ ପ୍ରଭାବଶାଳୀ ଉପାୟମାନଙ୍କ ମଧ୍ୟରୁ ଏହା ଅନ୍ୟତମ ଓ ଏହାର ଏକ ବର୍ଷର ବିଫଳତା ହାର ପ୍ରାୟ ୦.୦୫% ମାତ୍ର | [୬] ଏହା ଅତି କମରେ ତିନି କିମ୍ବା ଚାରି ବର୍ଷ ପର୍ଯ୍ୟନ୍ତ କାମ କରେ ଓ କେତେକ ଡାଟା ଅନୁସାରେ ପାଞ୍ଚ ବର୍ଷ ପାଇଁ ଫଳପ୍ରଦ ହେବା ଦେଖାଉଅଛି | [୨] [୪] [୭] [୮] ଏହି ଯନ୍ତ୍ର ଚର୍ମ ତଳେ ରଖାଯାଏ | [୨] ଏହାର ଅପସାରଣ ପରେ ଉର୍ବରତା ଶୀଘ୍ର ଫେରିଆସେ | [୯]

ସାଧାରଣ ପାର୍ଶ୍ୱ ପ୍ରତିକ୍ରିୟାରେ ଅନିୟମିତ ରକ୍ତସ୍ରାବ ସହିତ ଋତୁସ୍ରାବ ପରିବର୍ତ୍ତନ ହୋଇପାରେ, ପ୍ରାୟ ଏକ ତୃତୀୟାଂଶ ମହିଳା ମାସିକ ଋତୁସ୍ରାବ ଆଦୌ ହେଉ ନଥିବା ରିପୋର୍ଟ କରନ୍ତି । [୯] [୧୦] [୧୧] ଯକୃତ ରୋଗୀଙ୍କୁ ଏହା ଦିଆଯାଏ ନାହିଁ। [୧୨] ଇଟୋନୋଜେଷ୍ଟ୍ରେଲ ପ୍ରତିରୋପଣ ହେଉଛି ଏକ ପ୍ରକାର ଦୀର୍ଘ-କାର୍ଯ୍ୟକ୍ଷମ ଜନ୍ମ ନିରୋଧକ ଯାହା ପରିବର୍ତ୍ତନ କରାଯାଇପାରେ । [୧୩] ଏହା ଡିମ୍ବକ୍ଷରଣ ବନ୍ଦ କରେ, ସର୍ଭିକ୍ସରେ ଥିବା ମ୍ୟୁକସ ମୋଟା କରିଦିଏ ଓ ଜରାୟୁର ଅନ୍ତସ୍ତରକୁ ପରିବର୍ତ୍ତନ କରି କାର୍ଯ୍ୟକ୍ଷମ ହୁଏ | [୧୪]

ରେ ଇଣ୍ଡୋନେସିଆରେ ୧୯୯୮ ମସିହାରେ ଏବଂ ଆମେରିକାରେ ୨୦୦୬ ମସିହାରେ ଡାକ୍ତରୀ ବ୍ୟବହାର ପାଇଁ ଏଟୋନୋଜେଷ୍ଟ୍ରେଲ ପ୍ରତିରୋପଣ ଅନୁମୋଦନ କରାଯାଇଥିଲା। [୧୫] [୧୬] ବିଶ୍ୱ ସ୍ୱାସ୍ଥ୍ୟ ସଂଗଠନର ଜରୁରୀ ଔଷଧ ତାଲିକାରେ ଏହା ନାମ ଲିପିବଦ୍ଧ ଅଛି । [୧୭] ଏହା ଏକ ଜେନେରିକ ଔଷଧ ଯାହା ବିନା ପ୍ରେସକ୍ରିପସନରେ ମିଳେ | [୧୮] ବିକାଶଶୀଳ ଦେଶରେ ଏହାର ହୋଲସେଲ ମୂଲ୍ୟ ପ୍ରାୟ ୮.୯୩ରୁ ୧୩.୨୯ ଡଲାର ଅଟେ | [୧୯] ଯୁକ୍ତରାଜ୍ୟରେ ଏହି ଉପକରଣର ଏନଏଚଏସ ମୂଲ୍ୟ ପ୍ରାୟ ୮୩.୪୩ ପାଉଣ୍ଡ ଅଟେ | [୨୦] ଯୁକ୍ତରାଷ୍ଟ୍ରରେ ଏହାର ମୂଲ୍ୟ ପ୍ରାୟ ୬୨୫.୦୦ ଆମେରିକୀୟ ଡଲାର | [୧୩] ନବେରୁ ଅଧିକ ଦେଶରେ ଏଟୋନୋଜେଷ୍ଟ୍ରେଲ ପ୍ରତିରୋପଣ ଅନୁମୋଦିତ ହୋଇଛି ଏବଂ ୨୦୧୦ ମସିହା ସୁଦ୍ଧା ବିଶ୍ୱର ପ୍ରାୟ ତିନି ନିୟୁତ ମହିଳା ଏହାକୁ ବ୍ୟବହାର କରୁଛନ୍ତି। [୨୧] [୨୨]

ଆଧାର[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]

  1. ↑ ୧.୦ ୧.୧ Trussell, James (2011). "Contraceptive efficacy" (PDF). In Hatcher, Robert A.; Trussell, James; Nelson, Anita L.; Cates, Willard; Kowal, Deborah; Policar, Michael S. (eds.). Contraceptive technology (20th revised ed.). New York: Ardent Media. pp. 779–863. ISBN 978-1-59708-004-0. ISSN 0091-9721. OCLC 781956734. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2013-11-12. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |name-list-format= ignored (|name-list-style= suggested) (help)
  2. ↑ ୨.୦ ୨.୧ ୨.୨ Hamilton, Richard J. (2016). Tarascon Pocket Pharmacopoeia 2016 Deluxe Lab-Coat Edition. Jones & Bartlett Publishers. p. 392. ISBN 9781284095289. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |name-list-format= ignored (|name-list-style= suggested) (help)
  3. ↑ Melville, Catriona (2015). Sexual and Reproductive Health at a Glance. John Wiley & Sons. p. 21. ISBN 9781118460757. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |name-list-format= ignored (|name-list-style= suggested) (help)
  4. ↑ ୪.୦ ୪.୧ Lotke, Pamela S. (2016). Contraception, An Issue of Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics, E-Book (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 634. ISBN 9780323402590.
  5. ↑ World Health Organization (2015). The selection and use of essential medicines. Twentieth report of the WHO Expert Committee 2015 (including 19th WHO Model List of Essential Medicines and 5th WHO Model List of Essential Medicines for Children). Geneva: World Health Organization. pp. 332–36. hdl:10665/189763. ISBN 9789241209946. ISSN 0512-3054. WHO technical report series;994.
  6. ↑ Wipf, Joyce (2015). Women's Health, An Issue of Medical Clinics of North America. Elsevier Health Sciences. pp. 507–509. ISBN 9780323376082. Archived from the original on 2017-09-24. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |name-list-format= ignored (|name-list-style= suggested) (help)
  7. ↑ Hatcher, Robert Anthony (September 2018). Contraceptive technology. Hatcher, Robert A. (Robert Anthony), 1937- (21st ed.). New York, NY. pp. Chapter 4, specifically pages 129–134. ISBN 978-1732055605. OCLC 1048947218.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  8. ↑ "Long-Acting Reversible Contraception: Implants and Intrauterine Devices - ACOG". www.acog.org. Retrieved 20 August 2019.
  9. ↑ ୯.୦ ୯.୧ World Health Organization (2015). The selection and use of essential medicines. Twentieth report of the WHO Expert Committee 2015 (including 19th WHO Model List of Essential Medicines and 5th WHO Model List of Essential Medicines for Children). Geneva: World Health Organization. pp. 332–36. hdl:10665/189763. ISBN 9789241209946. ISSN 0512-3054. WHO technical report series;994.
  10. ↑ Shoupe, Donna; Mishell, Daniel R. (2015). The Handbook of Contraception: A Guide for Practical Management (2 ed.). Humana Press. p. 140. ISBN 9783319201856. Archived from the original on 2017-09-24. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |name-list-format= ignored (|name-list-style= suggested) (help)
  11. ↑ "Implanon - FDA prescribing information, side effects and uses". www.drugs.com. Archived from the original on 1 January 2017. Retrieved 1 January 2017.
  12. ↑ "Implanon - FDA prescribing information, side effects and uses". www.drugs.com. Archived from the original on 1 January 2017. Retrieved 1 January 2017.
  13. ↑ ୧୩.୦ ୧୩.୧ Wipf, Joyce (2015). Women's Health, An Issue of Medical Clinics of North America. Elsevier Health Sciences. pp. 507–509. ISBN 9780323376082. Archived from the original on 2017-09-24. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |name-list-format= ignored (|name-list-style= suggested) (help)
  14. ↑ Pattman, Richard; Sankar, Nathan; Handy, Pauline; Price, David Ashley (2010). Oxford Handbook of Genitourinary Medicine, HIV, and Sexual Health. OUP Oxford. p. 368. ISBN 9780199571666. Archived from the original on 2017-09-24. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |name-list-format= ignored (|name-list-style= suggested) (help)
  15. ↑ Shoupe, Donna; Mishell, Daniel R. (2015). The Handbook of Contraception: A Guide for Practical Management (2 ed.). Humana Press. p. 140. ISBN 9783319201856. Archived from the original on 2017-09-24. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |name-list-format= ignored (|name-list-style= suggested) (help)
  16. ↑ Senanayake, Pramilla; Potts, Malcolm (2008). Atlas of Contraception, Second Edition (2 ed.). CRC Press. p. 53. ISBN 9780203347324. Archived from the original on 2017-09-24. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |name-list-format= ignored (|name-list-style= suggested) (help)
  17. ↑ World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
  18. ↑ British national formulary : BNF 76 (76 ed.). Pharmaceutical Press. 2018. p. 791. ISBN 9780857113382.
  19. ↑ "Etonogestrel". International Drug Price Indicator Guide. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
  20. ↑ British national formulary : BNF 76 (76 ed.). Pharmaceutical Press. 2018. p. 791. ISBN 9780857113382.
  21. ↑ Pattman, Richard; Sankar, Nathan; Handy, Pauline; Price, David Ashley (2010). Oxford Handbook of Genitourinary Medicine, HIV, and Sexual Health. OUP Oxford. p. 368. ISBN 9780199571666. Archived from the original on 2017-09-24. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |name-list-format= ignored (|name-list-style= suggested) (help)
  22. ↑ Senanayake, Pramilla; Potts, Malcolm (2008). Atlas of Contraception, Second Edition (2 ed.). CRC Press. p. 53. ISBN 9780203347324. Archived from the original on 2017-09-24. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |name-list-format= ignored (|name-list-style= suggested) (help)
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