ମେଲାଟୋନିନ

ମେଲାଟୋନିନ
Clinical data
Pronunciation	/ˌmɛləˈtoʊnɪn/ (listen)
Trade names	Many
Synonyms	N-acetyl-5-methoxy tryptamine
AHFS/Drugs.com	Consumer Drug Information
data	EU EMA: yes;
Routes of; administration	By mouth, sublingual, transdermal
ATC code	N05CH01 (WHO) ;
Legal status
Legal status	AU: S4 (Prescription only) ; CA: OTC ; UK: POM (Prescription only) ; US: OTC ;
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	30–50%
Metabolism	Liver via CYP1A2 mediated 6-hydroxylation
Metabolites	6-hydroxymelatonin, N-acetyl-5lhydroxytryptamine, 5-methoxytryptamine
Elimination half-life	30–50 minutes
Excretion	Kidney
Identifiers
	IUPAC name N-[2-(5-Methoxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]acetamide;
CAS Number	73-31-4 ;
PubChem CID	896;
IUPHAR/BPS	224;
DrugBank	DB01065 ;
ChemSpider	872 ;
UNII	JL5DK93RCL;
KEGG	D08170 ;
ChEBI	CHEBI:16796 ;
ChEMBL	CHEMBL45 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.000.725
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C13H16N2O2
Molar mass	୨୩୨.୨୮ g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
Melting point	117 °C (243 °F)
	SMILES COC1=CC2=C(NC=C2CCNC(C)=O)C=C1;
	InChI InChI=1S/C13H16N2O2/c1-9(16)14-6-5-10-8-15-13-4-3-11(17-2)7-12(10)13/h3-4,7-8,15H,5-6H2,1-2H3,(H,14,16) ; Key:DRLFMBDRBRZALE-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;
(verify)

ଇଂରାଜୀ ଲିଙ୍କ

https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melatonin

ମେଲାଟୋନିନ (ଇଂରାଜୀ ଭାଷାରେ Melatonin) ଏକ ଅନ୍ତଃସ୍ରାବ ବା ହରମୋନ (hormone) ଯାହା ନିଦ୍ରା-ଜାଗ୍ରତ ଚକ୍ରକୁ (sleep-wake cycles) ନିୟନ୍ତଣ କରେ ।^[୩] ପାଇନିଆଲ ଗ୍ରନ୍ଥି (pineal gland) ନାମକ ଏକ ଅନ୍ତଃସ୍ରାବୀ ଗ୍ରନ୍ଥିରୁ ଏହା ନିର୍ଗତ ହୁଏ ।^[୩]^[୪] ଜେଟ ଲାଗ (jet lag) ବା ସିଫ୍ଟ (shift work) କାମ ଭଳି କାମ କରୁଥିବା ଲୋକଙ୍କର ନିଦ୍ରାହୀନତା (trouble sleeping) ନିମନ୍ତେ ସ୍ୱଳ୍ପକାଳୀନ ଚିକିତ୍ସାରେ ପରିପୂରକ ଭାବରେ ବ୍ୟବ‌ହୃତ ହୁଏ ।^[୫]^[୬] ଏହାର ଉପକାରୀତା ବିଷୟ କିନ୍ତୁ ସ୍ପଷ୍ଟ ହୋଇନାହିଁ । ^[୭] ଗୋଟିଏ ଅନୁଶୀଳନରେ ନିଦ୍ରା ୬ ମିନିଟ ପୂର୍ବରୁ ହେଲା କିନ୍ତୁ ନିଦ୍ରା ସମୟର କୌଣସି ପରିବର୍ତ୍ତନ ଦେଖାଗଲା ନାହିଁ ।^[୫] ରାମେଲଟିଅନ (ramelteon) ଔଷଧ ମଧ୍ୟ ଏହା ଭଳି କାମ କରେ ।^[୫] ଏହା ପାଟିରେ ଦିଆଯାଏ । ^[୬]

ସ୍ୱଳ୍ପ ମାତ୍ରାରେମେଲାଟୋନିନର ପ୍ରତିକ୍ରିୟା ଅତି କମ୍ ହୁଏ ।^[୩]^[୮] ଏହାର ପ୍ରତିକ୍ରିୟାରେ ନିଦ୍ରାଭାବ, ମୁଣ୍ଡବଥା, ଅଇ ଓ ଅସାଧାରଣ ସ୍ୱପ୍ନ (dreams) ହୋଇପାରେ ।^[୮]^[୯]^[୧୦] ଗର୍ଭାବସ୍ଥା ଓ ସ୍ତନ୍ୟପାନ (breastfeeding) ସମୟରେ ଏହା ନଦେବାକୁ କୁହାଯାଏ ।^[୧୦]^[୬] ଯକୃତ ସମସ୍ୟା (liver problems) ଥିଲେ ମଧ୍ୟ ଏହା ଦିଆଯାଏ ନାହିଁ ।^[୬]

ପଶୁମାନଙ୍କ ଦେହରେ ମେଲାଟୋନିନ ହରମୋନ‌ଦ୍ୱାରା ରକ୍ତଚାପ (blood pressure) ନିୟନ୍ତ୍ରଣ, ସିରକାଡିଆନ ରିଦ୍ମରେ (circadian rhythm) ଥିବା ନିଦ୍ରା-ଜାଗ୍ରତ ଚକ୍ର ଓ ଋତୁ ପ୍ରଜନନ (reproduction) ସମ୍ଭବ ହୁଏ ।^[୧୧] ଏହି ଔଷଧ ମେଲାଟୋନିନ ରିସେପ୍ଟରକୁ ସକ୍ରିୟ କରିବାଦ୍ୱାରା ଓ ଆଣ୍ଟିଅକ୍ସିଡାଣ୍ଟ ଗୁଣଦ୍ୱାରା ବିଭିନ୍ନ ପ୍ରଭାବ ପକାଇପାରେ ।^[୧୨]^[୧୩]^[୧୪] ଚାରାରେ (plants) ଏହା ଅକ୍ସିଡେଟିଭ ଚାପକୁ (oxidative stress) ପ୍ରତିରୋଧ କରେ ।^[୧୫] ବିଭିନ୍ନ ଖାଦ୍ୟରେ ମଧ୍ୟ ମେଲାଟୋନିନ ଥାଏ ।^[୮]

ସନ ୧୯୫୮ରେ ମେଲାଟୋନିନ ଆବିଷ୍କୃତ ହୋଇଥିଲା ।^[୩] କାନାଡ଼ା ଓ ଯୁକ୍ତରାଷ୍ଟ୍ର ଆମେରିକାର ଦୋକାନରେ (over the counter) ଏହା ମିଳେ ।^[୮]^[୯] ସଂଯୁକ୍ତ ରାଷ୍ଟ୍ରରେ (United Kingdom) ଏହା ପ୍ରେସକ୍ରିପସନରେ ମିଳେ ।^[୬] ଯୁକ୍ତରାଷ୍ଟ୍ର ଆମେରିକାରେ ଏହି ଔଷଧ ବାବଦ ଏକ ମାସରେ ପ୍ରାୟ ୧-୪ ଆମେରିକୀୟ ଡଲାର ଖର୍ଚ୍ଚ ହୁଏ ।^[୫]^[୮] ସଂଯୁକ୍ତ ରାଷ୍ଟ୍ରରେ (United Kingdom) ଏନଏଚଏସକୁ (NHS) ଏହାର ଏକ ମାସର ଡୋଜ ପିଛା ପ୍ରାୟ ୧୫ ପାଉଣ୍ଡ ଖର୍ଚ୍ଚ କରିବାକୁ ପଡ଼େ ।^[୬] ଏହା ଏଫଡିଏ (FDA-approved) ସ୍ୱୀକୃତି ପ୍ରାପ୍ତ ନୁହେଁ । ^[୮] ୟୁରୋପ ଓ ଅଷ୍ଟ୍ରେଲିଆରେ ୫୪ ବର୍ଷ ବୟସରୁ ଉର୍ଦ୍ଧ୍ୱ ଲୋକଙ୍କର ନିଦ୍ରା ସମସ୍ୟା ନିମନ୍ତେ ଏହା ସ୍ୱୀକୃତିପ୍ରାପ୍ତ ଅଛି ।^[୧୬]

ଆଧାର

↑ "Melatonin - Drugs.com". Drugs.com (in ଆମେରିକୀୟ ଇଂରାଜୀ). Retrieved 2018-10-12.
↑ "Melatonin". Sleepdex. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 17 August 2011.
↑ ^୩.୦ ^୩.୧ ^୩.୨ ^୩.୩ ^୩.୪ Auld F, Maschauer EL, Morrison I, Skene DJ, Riha RL (August 2017). "Evidence for the efficacy of melatonin in the treatment of primary adult sleep disorders" (PDF). Sleep Med Rev. 34: 10–22. doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2016.06.005. PMID 28648359.
↑ Faraone, Stephen V. (2014). ADHD: Non-Pharmacologic Interventions, An Issue of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, E-Book (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 888. ISBN 9780323326025.
↑ ^୫.୦ ^୫.୧ ^୫.୨ ^୫.୩ Matheson, E; Hainer, BL (1 July 2017). "Insomnia: Pharmacologic Therapy". American Family Physician. 96 (1): 29–35. PMID 28671376.
↑ ^୬.୦ ^୬.୧ ^୬.୨ ^୬.୩ ^୬.୪ ^୬.୫ British national formulary : BNF 76 (76 ed.). Pharmaceutical Press. 2018. pp. 482–483. ISBN 9780857113382.
↑ Brasure M, MacDonald R, Fuchs E, Olson CM, Carlyle M, Diem S, Koffel E, Khawaja IS, Ouellette J, Butler M, Kane RL, Wilt TJ (2015). "Management of Insomnia Disorder[Internet]". AHRQ Comparative Effectiveness Reviews. 15 (16): EHC027–EF. PMID 26844312. Evidence for benzodiazepine hypnotics, melatonin agonists in the general adult population, and most pharmacologic interventions in older adults was generally insufficient
↑ ^୮.୦ ^୮.୧ ^୮.୨ ^୮.୩ ^୮.୪ ^୮.୫ "Melatonin: Side Effects, Uses, Dosage (Kids/Adults)". Drugs.com (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). Retrieved 9 January 2019.
↑ ^୯.୦ ^୯.୧ "Summary Safety Review - MELATONIN (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) - Review of the Safety of Melatonin in Children and Adolescents". Government of Canada. Health Canada. 10 December 2015. Retrieved 9 January 2019.
↑ ^୧୦.୦ ^୧୦.୧ "Melatonin- Oral". Government of Canada (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). Health Canada. 28 August 2018. Archived from the original on 1 April 2019. Retrieved 9 January 2019.
↑ Altun A, Ugur-Altun B (May 2007). "Melatonin: therapeutic and clinical utilization". Int. J. Clin. Pract. 61 (5): 835–45. doi:10.1111/j.1742-1241.2006.01191.x. PMID 17298593.
↑ Boutin JA, Audinot V, Ferry G, Delagrange P (August 2005). "Molecular tools to study melatonin pathways and actions". Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 26 (8): 412–19. doi:10.1016/j.tips.2005.06.006. PMID 15992934.
↑ Hardeland R (July 2005). "Antioxidative protection by melatonin: multiplicity of mechanisms from radical detoxification to radical avoidance". Endocrine. 27 (2): 119–30. doi:10.1385/ENDO:27:2:119. PMID 16217125.
↑ Reiter RJ, Acuña-Castroviejo D, Tan DX, Burkhardt S (June 2001). "Free radical-mediated molecular damage. Mechanisms for the protective actions of melatonin in the central nervous system". Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 939 (1): 200–15. Bibcode:2001NYASA.939..200R. doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb03627.x. PMID 11462772.
↑ Tan DX, Hardeland R, Manchester LC, Korkmaz A, Ma S, Rosales-Corral S, Reiter RJ (2012). "Functional roles of melatonin in plants, and perspectives in nutritional and agricultural science". Journal of Experimental Botany. 63 (2): 577–97. doi:10.1093/jxb/err256. PMID 22016420.
↑ "Australian Public Assessment Report for Melatonin" (PDF). www.tga.gov.au. Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing Therapeutic Goods Administration. January 2011. pp. 2, 4. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 January 2019. Retrieved 9 January 2019.

[1] "Melatonin - Drugs.com". Drugs.com (in ଆମେରିକୀୟ ଇଂରାଜୀ). Retrieved 2018-10-12.

[2] "Melatonin". Sleepdex. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 17 August 2011.

[Auld2017-3] ୩.୦ ^୩.୧ ^୩.୨ ^୩.୩ ^୩.୪ Auld F, Maschauer EL, Morrison I, Skene DJ, Riha RL (August 2017). "Evidence for the efficacy of melatonin in the treatment of primary adult sleep disorders" (PDF). Sleep Med Rev. 34: 10–22. doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2016.06.005. PMID 28648359.

[4] Faraone, Stephen V. (2014). ADHD: Non-Pharmacologic Interventions, An Issue of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, E-Book (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 888. ISBN 9780323326025.

[AFP2017-5] ୫.୦ ^୫.୧ ^୫.୨ ^୫.୩ Matheson, E; Hainer, BL (1 July 2017). "Insomnia: Pharmacologic Therapy". American Family Physician. 96 (1): 29–35. PMID 28671376.

[BNF76-6] ୬.୦ ^୬.୧ ^୬.୨ ^୬.୩ ^୬.୪ ^୬.୫ British national formulary : BNF 76 (76 ed.). Pharmaceutical Press. 2018. pp. 482–483. ISBN 9780857113382.

[Bra2015-7] Brasure M, MacDonald R, Fuchs E, Olson CM, Carlyle M, Diem S, Koffel E, Khawaja IS, Ouellette J, Butler M, Kane RL, Wilt TJ (2015). "Management of Insomnia Disorder[Internet]". AHRQ Comparative Effectiveness Reviews. 15 (16): EHC027–EF. PMID 26844312. Evidence for benzodiazepine hypnotics, melatonin agonists in the general adult population, and most pharmacologic interventions in older adults was generally insufficient

[Drugs2019-8] ୮.୦ ^୮.୧ ^୮.୨ ^୮.୩ ^୮.୪ ^୮.୫ "Melatonin: Side Effects, Uses, Dosage (Kids/Adults)". Drugs.com (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). Retrieved 9 January 2019.

[HC2015-9] ୯.୦ ^୯.୧ "Summary Safety Review - MELATONIN (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) - Review of the Safety of Melatonin in Children and Adolescents". Government of Canada. Health Canada. 10 December 2015. Retrieved 9 January 2019.

[HC2018Oral-10] ୧୦.୦ ^୧୦.୧ "Melatonin- Oral". Government of Canada (in ଇଂରାଜୀ). Health Canada. 28 August 2018. Archived from the original on 1 April 2019. Retrieved 9 January 2019.

[Altun2007-11] Altun A, Ugur-Altun B (May 2007). "Melatonin: therapeutic and clinical utilization". Int. J. Clin. Pract. 61 (5): 835–45. doi:10.1111/j.1742-1241.2006.01191.x. PMID 17298593.

[Boutin2005-12] Boutin JA, Audinot V, Ferry G, Delagrange P (August 2005). "Molecular tools to study melatonin pathways and actions". Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 26 (8): 412–19. doi:10.1016/j.tips.2005.06.006. PMID 15992934.

[Hardeland2005-13] Hardeland R (July 2005). "Antioxidative protection by melatonin: multiplicity of mechanisms from radical detoxification to radical avoidance". Endocrine. 27 (2): 119–30. doi:10.1385/ENDO:27:2:119. PMID 16217125.

[Reiter2001-14] Reiter RJ, Acuña-Castroviejo D, Tan DX, Burkhardt S (June 2001). "Free radical-mediated molecular damage. Mechanisms for the protective actions of melatonin in the central nervous system". Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 939 (1): 200–15. Bibcode:2001NYASA.939..200R. doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb03627.x. PMID 11462772.

[Tan_2012-15] Tan DX, Hardeland R, Manchester LC, Korkmaz A, Ma S, Rosales-Corral S, Reiter RJ (2012). "Functional roles of melatonin in plants, and perspectives in nutritional and agricultural science". Journal of Experimental Botany. 63 (2): 577–97. doi:10.1093/jxb/err256. PMID 22016420.

[16] "Australian Public Assessment Report for Melatonin" (PDF). www.tga.gov.au. Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing Therapeutic Goods Administration. January 2011. pp. 2, 4. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 January 2019. Retrieved 9 January 2019.

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