ହେଲସିଙ୍କି

ଉଇକିପିଡ଼ିଆ‌ରୁ

ହେଲସିଙ୍କି  (/hɛlˈsɪŋki/; Finnish pronunciation: [ˈhelsiŋki]; Swedish: Helsingfors ) ଫିନଲାଣ୍ଡ ଦେଶର ରାଜଧାନୀ ଓ ସର୍ବବୃହତ ସହର । ଏହା ଦକ୍ଷିଣ ଫିନଲାଣ୍ଡର ଉସିମା ଅଞ୍ଚଳରେ ଗଲ୍ଫ ଅଫ ଫିନଲାଣ୍ଡ ତଟରେ ଅବସ୍ଥିତ ।

 

ଜନସଂଖ୍ୟା


ହେଲସିଙ୍କି  ସହରର ଲୋକସଂଖ୍ୟା 629,512 [୧], ସହରାଞ୍ଚଳର ଲୋକ ସଂଖ୍ୟା 1,214,210 [୨]ଏବଂ ସଂଯୁକ୍ତ ମେଟ୍ରୋପଲିଟାନର ଜଣ ସଂଖ୍ୟା 1.4 ମିଲିୟନ ।ଏହା ଫିନଲାଣ୍ଡର ସର୍ବାଧିକ ଜନବହୁଳ ମୁନିସିପାଲିଟି ଓ ସହରାଞ୍ଚଳ ।   ଅବସ୍ଥିତି  ହେଲସିଙ୍କି ଦକ୍ଷିଣରେ ଏସ୍ତୋନିଆର ତାଲିନ୍ନଠାରୁ 80 କିଲୋମିଟର , ସ୍ୱିଡେନର ଷ୍ଟକହୋମଠାରୁ 400 କିଲୋମିଟର ପୂର୍ବରେ , ପଶ୍ଚିମରେ ରୁସିୟାର ସେଣ୍ଟ ପିତରସବର୍ଗଠାରୁ 3888 କିଲୋମିଟର ଦୂରରେ ଅବସ୍ଥିତ । ଏହି ତିନି ସହର ସହ ହେକ୍ସିଙ୍କିର ଏଇତିହାସିକ ଭାବରେ ଘନିଶ .ସମ୍ବନ୍ଧ  ରହିଛି । .

History[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]

Central Helsinki in 1820 before rebuilding. Illustration by Carl Ludvig Engel.
Construction of Suomenlinna began in the 18th century.

Early history[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]

Helsinki was established as a trading town by King Gustav I of Sweden in 1550 as the town of Helsingfors, which he intended to be a rival to the Hanseatic city of Reval (today known as Tallinn). Little came of the plans as Helsinki remained a tiny town plagued by poverty, wars, and diseases. The plague of 1710 killed the greater part of the inhabitants of Helsinki. The construction of the naval fortress Sveaborg (In Finnish Viapori, today also Suomenlinna) in the 18th century helped improve Helsinki's status, but it was not until Russia defeated Sweden in the Finnish War and annexed Finland as the autonomous Grand Duchy of Finland in 1809 that the town began to develop into a substantial city. During the war, Russians besieged the Sveaborg fortress, and about one quarter of the town was destroyed in an 1808 fire.

Geography[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]

Parts of Helsinki and Espoo seen from SPOT

Metropolitan area[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]

The Greater Helsinki urban area

Climate[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]

Helsinki in summer

Cityscape[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]

Aleksanterinkatu in Central Helsinki.
The view across summertime Eläintarhanlahti.
The Helsinki Cathedral is among the most prominent buildings in the city.
The Parliament of Finland on the right, and new supplemental offices on the left.

Government[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]

The Helsinki City Hall houses the City Council of Helsinki

Demographics[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]

Children jumping into the sea in Lauttasaari

Language[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]

Population by mother tongue
Language Population (2013) Percentage
Finnish 494,627 81.9%
Swedish 35,674 5.9%
Russian 15,341 2.5%
Estonian 10,207 1.7%
Somali 7,193 1.2%
English 4,879 0.8%
Arabic 3,446 0.6%
Chinese 2,691 0.4%
Kurdish 2,264 0.4%
Spanish 2,073 0.3%
German 1,665 0.3%
French 1,462 0.2%
Persian 1,457 0.2%
Vietnamese 1,416 0.2%
Turkish 1,408 0.2%
Thai 1,123 0.2%
Albanian 1,005 0.2%
Other 15,978 2.6%
The population broken down by language group, 1870–2013. During the period, the population increased significantly, and the city changed its linguistic majority from Swedish to Finnish.
     Finnish speakers
     Swedish speakers
     Russian speaker
     Speakers of other languages

Economy[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]

Kamppi Center, a shopping and transportation complex in Kamppi

Education[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]

University of Helsinki's Main Library: Kaisa-talo
Main building of the University of Helsinki
Haaga-Helia University Of Applied Sciences is the largest business polytechnic in Finland

Culture[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]

Museums[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]

The biggest historical museum in Helsinki is the National Museum of Finland, which displays a vast historical collection from prehistoric times to the 21st century. The museum building itself, a national romantic style neomedieval castle, is a tourist attraction. Another major historical museum is the Helsinki City Museum, which introduces visitors to Helsinki's 500-year history. The University of Helsinki also has many significant museums, including the Helsinki University Museum "Arppeanum" and the Finnish Museum of Natural History.

Theatres[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]

The Finnish National Theatre (1902), designed by architect Onni Tarjanne

Art[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]

Strange Fruit performing at the Night of the Arts in Helsinki

Media[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]

Yle headquarters in Pasila, Helsinki
Linus Torvalds, the Finnish software engineer best known for creating the popular open-source kernel Linux

Sports[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]

The Helsinki Olympic Stadium was the centre of activities during the 1952 Summer Olympics.

Transport[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]

Roads[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]

Helsinki region roads

Rail transport and buses[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]

The Helsinki Metro with its characteristic bright orange trains is the world's northernmost subway
Central railway station

Aviation[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]

Hernesaari Heliport, next to West Harbour used by cruiseliners

Sea transport[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]

The South Harbour
Karl Fazer
  1. "Ennakkoväkiluku sukupuolen mukaan alueittain, maaliskuu.2016" (in Finnish). Statistics Finland. Archived from the original on 20 May 2016. Retrieved 31 March 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  2. {{cite web}}: Empty citation (help)

External links[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]