ବ୍ୟବହାରକାରୀ:Snip1/List of countries by Nobel laureates per capita
This article includes a list of countries by Nobel laureates per capita. That is, a list of countries ranked by their Nobel Prize winners in relation to their population. Because the population of a country is significantly higher than its Nobel laureates, the figures have been multiplied by 10 million. Thus, the number on the rightmost column can be read as the number of Nobel laureates a country possesses for every 10 million people.
The figures include all Nobel Prizes awarded up to and including 14 October 2013. By total number of awards, the United States has the most.
Note: Non-sovereign entities are marked in italics.
All prizes
[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]All five prizes (Chemistry, Literature, Peace, Physics, and Physiology or Medicine) and the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences are considered.
Rank | Country | Nobel laureates[୧] |
Population (2013)[୨] |
Laureates/ 10 million |
---|---|---|---|---|
— | Faroe Islands | 1 | 49,469 | 202.147 |
1 | Saint Lucia | 2 | 182,273 | 109.726 |
2 | Luxembourg | 2 | 530,380 | 37.709 |
3 | Switzerland | 25 | 8,077,833 | 30.949 |
4 | Iceland | 1 | 329,535 | 30.346 |
5 | Sweden | 29 | 9,571,105 | 30.300 |
6 | Denmark | 14 | 5,619,096 | 24.915 |
7 | Austria | 21 | 8,495,145 | 24.720 |
8 | Norway | 11 | 5,042,671 | 21.814 |
9 | United Kingdom | 121 | 63,136,265 | 19.165 |
10 | ଛାଞ୍ଚ:Country data East Timor | 2 | 1,132,879 | 17.654 |
11 | Israel | 12 | 7,733,144 | 15.518 |
12 | Ireland | 6 | 4,627,173 | 12.967 |
13 | Germany | 104 | 82,726,626 | 12.572 |
14 | Netherlands | 19 | 16,759,229 | 11.337 |
15 | United States | 347 | 320,050,716 | 10.842 |
16 | France | 59 | 64,291,280 | 9.177 |
17 | Hungary | 9 | 9,954,941 | 9.041 |
18 | Belgium | 10 | 11,104,476 | 9.005 |
— | European Union[୩] | 456 | 509,472,390 | 8.950 |
19 | Cyprus | 1 | 1,141,166 | 8.763 |
20 | Trinidad and Tobago | 1 | 1,341,151 | 7.456 |
21 | Finland | 4 | 5,426,323 | 7.371 |
22 | New Zealand | 3 | 4,505,761 | 6.658 |
23 | Canada | 22 | 35,181,704 | 6.253 |
24 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 2 | 3,829,307 | 5.223 |
25 | Australia | 12 | 23,342,553 | 5.141 |
26 | Latvia | 1 | 2,050,317 | 4.877 |
27 | Slovenia | 1 | 2,071,997 | 4.826 |
28 | Macedonia | 1 | 2,107,158 | 4.746 |
29 | Czech Republic | 5 | 10,702,197 | 4.672 |
30 | Liberia | 2 | 4,294,077 | 4.658 |
31 | Lithuania | 1 | 3,016,933 | 3.315 |
32 | Italy | 20 | 60,990,277 | 3.279 |
— | ଛାଞ୍ଚ:Country data Tibet[୪] | 1 | 3,117,917 | 3.207 |
33 | Poland | 12 | 38,216,635 | 3.140 |
34 | Croatia | 1 | 4,289,714 | 2.331 |
35 | Palestine | 1 | 4,326,295 | 2.311 |
36 | Costa Rica | 1 | 4,872,166 | 2.052 |
37 | South Africa | 10 | 52,776,130 | 1.895 |
38 | Portugal | 2 | 10,608,156 | 1.885 |
39 | Greece | 2 | 11,127,990 | 1.797 |
40 | Spain | 8 | 46,926,963 | 1.705 |
41 | Russia | 23 | 142,833,689 | 1.610 |
42 | Japan | 19 | 127,143,577 | 1.494 |
— | Serbia | 1 | 7,186,862 | 1.391 |
— | Hong Kong | 1 | 7,203,836 | 1.388 |
43 | Bulgaria | 1 | 7,222,943 | 1.384 |
44 | Romania | 3 | 21,698,585 | 1.383 |
45 | Guatemala | 2 | 15,468,203 | 1.293 |
46 | Argentina | 5 | 41,446,246 | 1.206 |
— | World[୫] | 851 | 7,162,119,434 | 1.188 |
47 | Chile | 2 | 17,619,708 | 1.135 |
48 | Belarus | 1 | 9,356,678 | 1.069 |
49 | Azerbaijan | 1 | 9,413,420 | 1.062 |
50 | Algeria | 2 | 39,208,194 | 0.510 |
51 | Egypt | 4 | 82,056,378 | 0.487 |
52 | Taiwan | 1 | 23,329,772 | 0.429 |
53 | Yemen | 1 | 24,407,381 | 0.410 |
54 | Ghana | 1 | 25,904,598 | 0.386 |
55 | Peru | 1 | 30,375,603 | 0.329 |
56 | Venezuela | 1 | 30,405,207 | 0.329 |
57 | Morocco | 1 | 33,008,150 | 0.303 |
58 | Iran | 2 | 77,447,168 | 0.258 |
59 | Mexico | 3 | 122,332,399 | 0.245 |
60 | Kenya | 1 | 44,353,691 | 0.225 |
61 | Ukraine | 1 | 45,238,805 | 0.221 |
62 | Colombia | 1 | 48,321,405 | 0.207 |
63 | ଛାଞ୍ଚ:Country data Korea, South | 1 | 49,262,698 | 0.203 |
64 | Myanmar | 1 | 53,259,018 | 0.188 |
65 | Turkey | 1 | 74,932,641 | 0.133 |
66 | Vietnam | 1 | 91,679,733 | 0.109 |
67 | India | 9 | 1,252,139,596 | 0.072 |
68 | Bangladesh | 1 | 156,594,962 | 0.064 |
69 | China | 8 | 1,385,566,537 | 0.058 |
70 | Nigeria | 1 | 173,615,345 | 0.058 |
71 | Pakistan | 1 | 182,142,594 | 0.055 |
Scientific prizes
[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]Only the awards for Chemistry, Physics, Physiology or Medicine, and the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences are considered.
Rank | Country | Nobel laureates[୧] |
Population (2013)[୨] |
Laureates/ 10 million |
---|---|---|---|---|
— | Faroe Islands | 1 | 49,469 | 202.147 |
1 | Saint Lucia | 1 | 182,273 | 54.863 |
2 | Luxembourg | 2 | 530,380 | 37.709 |
3 | Switzerland | 20 | 8,077,833 | 24.759 |
4 | Austria | 18 | 8,495,145 | 21.189 |
5 | Denmark | 10 | 5,619,096 | 17.796 |
6 | Sweden | 16 | 9,571,105 | 16.717 |
7 | United Kingdom | 96 | 63,136,265 | 15.205 |
8 | Norway | 6 | 5,042,671 | 11.898 |
9 | Netherlands | 18 | 16,759,229 | 10.740 |
10 | Germany | 88 | 82,726,626 | 10.637 |
11 | Israel | 8 | 7,733,144 | 10.345 |
12 | United States | 314 | 320,050,716 | 9.811 |
13 | Cyprus | 1 | 1,141,166 | 8.763 |
14 | Hungary | 8 | 9,954,941 | 8.036 |
15 | New Zealand | 3 | 4,505,761 | 6.658 |
— | European Union[୩] | 330 | 509,472,390 | 6.477 |
16 | France | 35 | 64,291,280 | 5.444 |
17 | Belgium | 6 | 11,104,476 | 5.403 |
18 | Canada | 19 | 35,181,704 | 5.401 |
19 | Latvia | 1 | 2,050,317 | 4.877 |
20 | Slovenia | 1 | 2,071,997 | 4.826 |
21 | Australia | 11 | 23,342,553 | 4.712 |
22 | Finland | 2 | 5,426,323 | 3.686 |
23 | Lithuania | 1 | 3,016,933 | 3.315 |
24 | Czech Republic | 3 | 10,702,197 | 2.803 |
25 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 1 | 3,829,307 | 2.611 |
26 | Croatia | 1 | 4,289,714 | 2.331 |
27 | Ireland | 1 | 4,627,173 | 2.161 |
28 | Italy | 13 | 60,990,277 | 2.131 |
— | Hong Kong | 1 | 7,203,836 | 1.388 |
29 | Poland | 5 | 38,216,635 | 1.308 |
30 | Japan | 16 | 127,143,577 | 1.258 |
31 | Russia | 16 | 142,833,689 | 1.120 |
32 | Belarus | 1 | 9,356,678 | 1.069 |
33 | Azerbaijan | 1 | 9,413,420 | 1.062 |
34 | Portugal | 1 | 10,608,156 | 0.943 |
— | World[୫] | 640 | 7,162,119,434 | 0.894 |
35 | South Africa | 4 | 52,776,130 | 0.758 |
36 | Argentina | 3 | 41,446,246 | 0.724 |
37 | Romania | 1 | 21,698,585 | 0.461 |
38 | Taiwan | 1 | 23,329,772 | 0.429 |
39 | Spain | 2 | 46,926,963 | 0.426 |
40 | Venezuela | 1 | 30,405,207 | 0.329 |
41 | Morocco | 1 | 33,008,150 | 0.303 |
42 | Algeria | 1 | 39,208,194 | 0.255 |
43 | Ukraine | 1 | 45,238,805 | 0.221 |
44 | Egypt | 1 | 82,056,378 | 0.122 |
45 | Mexico | 1 | 122,332,399 | 0.082 |
46 | Pakistan | 1 | 182,142,594 | 0.055 |
48 | India | 6 | 1,252,139,596 | 0.048 |
49 | China | 4 | 1,385,566,537 | 0.029 |
Inclusion criteria
[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]The list of Nobel laureates by country was compiled by BBC News using the following criteria:[୧]
- Prizes are allocated to the country/countries stated on the winner's biography on the website of the Nobel Prize committee (www.nobelprize.org).
- Where the website mentions multiple countries in relation to a prize winner (country of birth; country of citizenship; country of residence at time of award) each of those countries is credited as having won the prize.
- Where a prize has multiple winners, the country (or countries) of each winner are credited.
- Prizes which were declined by the winner are included.
- Prizes won by organisations are not allocated to countries.
- Winners from Belarus and Ukraine are not credited to Russia. Winners born in what was then Poland but is now Ukraine are credited to Poland.
Note: The BBC News figures included all Nobel Prizes awarded up to and including 8 October 2010. Nobel prizes announced after that date were added generally following the same criteria outlined above (see Updates section below for details).
Corrections
[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]This is a list of corrections made to the original figures provided by BBC News:
- No award was attributed to Luxembourg, but, according to the Nobel Prize website, Gabriel Lippmann (Physics, 1908) was born in that country.[୬]
- No award was attributed to Azerbaijan, but, according to the Nobel Prize website, Lev Landau (Physics, 1962) was born in that country (then part of the Russian Empire).[୭] The justification for this correction is that BBC News did credit Latvia for Wilhelm Ostwald's 1909 Chemistry Prize, even though his birthplace, Latvia's capital Riga, was by the time he was born (1853) also part of the Russian Empire.
- Australia was credited with only one Nobel laureate in Physics, but up to and including 8 October 2010 there were two Physics laureates associated with that country: William Lawrence Bragg (1915) and Aleksandr Prokhorov (1964), both of whom were born there according to the Nobel Prize website.[୮][୯]
Updates
[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]This section details how Nobel Prizes announced after 8 October 2010 were added.
- 2010 update:
- Economic Sciences: 2 to the United States and 1 each to Cyprus, Denmark and the United Kingdom.
- 2011 update:
- Chemistry: 1 to Israel.
- Literature: 1 to Sweden.
- Peace: 2 to Liberia and 1 to Yemen.
- Physics: 3 to the United States and 1 to Australia.
- Physiology or Medicine: 2 to the United States and 1 each to Canada, France and Luxembourg.
- Economic Sciences: 2 to the United States.
- 2012 update:
- Physiology or Medicine: 1 each to the United Kingdom, Japan and the United States.
- Physics: 1 each to Morocco, France and the United States.
- Chemistry: 2 to the United States.
- Literature: 1 to China.
- Peace: Not applicable.
- Economic Sciences: 2 to the United States.
- 2013 update:
- Physiology or Medicine: 3 to the United States and 1 to Germany.
- Physics: 1 each to Belgium and the United Kingdom.
- Chemistry: 3 to the United States, 2 to Israel, and 1 each to Austria, South Africa and the United Kingdom.
- Literature: 1 to Canada.
- Peace: Not applicable.
- Economic Sciences: 3 to the United States.
See also
[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]References
[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]- ↑ ୧.୦ ୧.୧ ୧.୨ "Which country has the best brains?". BBC News. 2010-10-10. Retrieved 2010-10-10.
- ↑ ୨.୦ ୨.୧ "Total Population - Both Sexes". World Population Prospects, the 2012 Revision. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, Population Estimates and Projections Section. 13 June 2013. Retrieved 18 June 2013.
- ↑ ୩.୦ ୩.୧ Includes every credit given separately to each of the 28 EU member states.
- ↑ A population estimate for 2013 was calculated using the average annual population growth in the Tibet Autonomous Region between the 2000 and 2010 censuses. 2000 census population: 2,616,329 (Source: National Bureau of Statistics of China). 2010 census population: 3,002,166 (Source: Xinhua News Agency). Formula used: 3002166+3*(3002166-2616329)/10=3117917.1.
- ↑ ୫.୦ ୫.୧ In this case each Nobel laureate was only counted once, Source: "Nobel Prize Facts". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2013-10-07.
- ↑ "Gabriel Lippmann – Biography". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2011-10-11.
- ↑ "Lev Landau – Biography". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2012-06-19.
- ↑ "Lawrence Bragg – Biography". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2012-08-16.
- ↑ "Aleksandr M. Prokhorov – Biography". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2012-08-16.
Further reading
[ସମ୍ପାଦନା]- Emeka Nwabunnia, Bishop Emeka Ebisi (2007), The Nobel prize (1901-2000): handbook of landmark records, University Press of America, ISBN 978-0-7618-3573-8