ଛାଞ୍ଚ:IPAc-cmn/doc ନିମନ୍ତେ ଆଧାର ଦେଖିବେ

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This template is used to produce a phonetic or phonemic representation (using the [[IPA]] system) of Mandarin Chinese words or sounds, using [[Pinyin]] input to avoid the need to search for the correct phonetic symbols. The result is wikilinked to [[Help:IPA for Mandarin]]. Optionally, an audio file can also be specified.

===Usage===
The number of parameters is always limited to 41 (Note: parameter #41 can only be a tone number).

Normal usage:
*<tt><nowiki>{{IPAc-cmn|zh|ong|1|h|ua|2}}</nowiki></tt> produces {{IPAc-cmn|zh|ong|1|h|ua|2}}
*<tt><nowiki>{{IPAc-cmn|r|en|2|m|in|2|-|g|ong|4|h|e|2|g|uo|2}}</nowiki></tt> produces {{IPAc-cmn|r|en|2|m|in|2|-|g|ong|4|h|e|2|g|uo|2}}

With an audio file:
*<tt><nowiki>{{IPAc-cmn|AUD|Zh-hànyǔ.ogg|h|an|4|yu|3}}</nowiki></tt> produces {{IPAc-cmn|AUD|Zh-hànyǔ.ogg|h|an|4|yu|3}}

To change the delimiters (for example, if several instances of the template need to be strung together because of the limit on the number of parameters):
*<tt><nowiki>{{IPAc-cmn|[-|zh|ong|1|h|ua|2|-|r|en|2|m|in|2|-|g|ong|4|h|e|2|g|uo|2}}</nowiki></tt> produces {{IPAc-cmn|[-|zh|ong|1|h|ua|2|-|r|en|2|m|in|2|-|g|ong|4|h|e|2|g|uo|2}}

The full range of special values for the first parameter (changing the delimiters and/or specifying that the next parameter is an audio file) is as follows:
*<tt>-- [- -] // /- -/ AUD -]AUD //AUD -/AUD</tt>

The following initials are used as in Pinyin, and represent their normal sounds in Standard Mandarin:
*<tt>b p m f d t n l g k h j q x	zh ch sh r z c s</tt>

Each final should be entered as a whole parameter, and as if it were not preceded by an initial, though in most cases either form is acceptable:
*<tt>yong</tt> (or <tt>iong</tt>), <tt>wa</tt> (or <tt>ua</tt>), etc.

But note that the finals with ⟨ü⟩, despite usually being written ⟨u⟩ in Pinyin, must either be substituted with <tt>yu ü v</tt>, or written together with the initial j, q, or x. Similarly, the null final of ''shi, ri'', etc. must either be substituted with <tt>^</tt> (a caret), or written together with the initial z(h) c(h) s(h) or r. Also the final ⟨uo⟩, despite being written ⟨o⟩ before b, p, m or f in pinyin, must be written out in full.

[[Erhua]] is indicated simply with an ‹-r› as part of the final, e.g., <tt>angr</tt>.


{{Collapse top|List of Pinyin finals accepted for template input [not up to date]}}
{{col-begin}}
{{col-4}}
*<tt>^</tt> = ɨ
*<tt>ai</tt> = ai̯
*<tt>an</tt> = an
*<tt>a</tt> = a
*<tt>ang</tt> = aŋ
*<tt>ao</tt> = au̯
*<tt>ei</tt> = ei̯
*<tt>en</tt> = ən
*<tt>ê</tt> = ɛ
*<tt>e</tt> = ɤ
*<tt>eng</tt> = əŋ
*<tt>yi, i</tt> = i
*<tt>yin, in</tt> = in
*<tt>ying, ing</tt> = iŋ
*<tt>ya, ia</tt> = i̯a
*<tt>yang, iang</tt> = i̯aŋ
*<tt>yao, iao</tt> = i̯au̯
{{col-4}}
*<tt>ye, ie</tt> = i̯e
*<tt>yan, ian</tt> = i̯ɛn
*<tt>you, iu</tt> = i̯ou̯
*<tt>yo, io</tt> = i̯ɔ
*<tt>yong, iong</tt> = i̯ʊŋ
*<tt>ou</tt> = ou̯
*<tt>o</tt> = ɔ
*<tt>wu</tt> = u
*<tt>yue, üe, ve</tt> = y̯e
*<tt>yuan, üan, van</tt> = y̯ɛn
*<tt>ong</tt> = ʊŋ
*<tt>wa, ua</tt> = u̯a
*<tt>wai, uai</tt> = u̯ai̯
*<tt>wan, uan</tt> = u̯an
*<tt>wang, uang</tt> = u̯aŋ
*<tt>wei, ui</tt> = u̯ei̯
*<tt>wen, un</tt> = u̯ən
{{col-4}}
*<tt>weng</tt> = u̯əŋ
*<tt>wo, uo</tt> = u̯o
*<tt>yu, ü, v</tt> = y
*<tt>yun, ün, vn</tt> = yn
*<tt>er, ar, air, anr</tt> = aɚ̯
*<tt>angr</tt> = ɑ̃ɻ˧
*<tt>aor</tt> = ɑɻʷ
*<tt>^r</tt> = ɨ̯ɚ
*<tt>eir, enr</tt> = ɚ
*<tt>engr</tt> = ɚ̃
*<tt>e'r</tt> = ɤ˞
*<tt>yar, iar</tt> = i̯aɚ̯
*<tt>yanr, ianr</tt> = i̯ɐɚ̯
*<tt>yangr, iangr</tt> = i̯ãɚ̯̃
*<tt>yaor, iaor</tt> = i̯au̯˞
*<tt>yinr, inr, yir, ir</tt> = i̯ɚ
*<tt>yer, ier</tt> = i̯ɚ
*<tt>yingr, ingr</tt> = i̯ɚ̃
{{col-4}}
*<tt>your, iur</tt> = i̯ou̯˞
*<tt>yongr, iongr</tt> = i̯ʊ̃˞
*<tt>our</tt> = ou̯˞
*<tt>yuanr, üanr, vanr</tt> = y̯ɐɚ̯
*<tt>yur, ür, vr, yunr, ünr, vnr</tt> = y̯ɚ
*<tt>yuer, üer, ver</tt> = y̯ɚ
*<tt>ongr</tt> = ʊ̃˞
*<tt>war, uar, wair, uair, wanr, uanr</tt> = u̯aɚ̯
*<tt>wangr, uangr</tt> = u̯ãɚ̯̃
*<tt>weir, uir, wenr, unr</tt> = u̯ɚ
*<tt>wengr</tt> = u̯ɚ̃
*<tt>wur</tt> = u˞
*<tt>wor, uor</tt> = u̯o˞
*<tt>M</tt> = m̩
*<tt>N</tt> = n̩
*<tt>NG</tt> = ŋ̩
{{col-end}}
{{Collapse bottom}}

The tones are indicated by their traditional [[tone number]], entered as the parameter after the final:
*<tt>1 2 3 4 5</tt>

The following parameters have special meanings:
*<tt>-</tt> (hyphen) for a space between words
*<tt>.</tt> (period) for a syllable break
*<tt>'</tt> (apostrophe) for a primary stress mark (placed before the stressed syllable)
*<tt>,</tt> (comma) for a secondary stress mark (placed before the stressed syllable)

Other values used as parameters will be displayed unconverted. (The conversion system is coded in [[Template:c-cmn]].  The tones are encoded in [[Template:tone-cmn]])

==See also==
*[[Template:Usage of IPA templates|Information on other IPA templates]]
*[[Help:IPA for Mandarin]]
*[[Standard Chinese phonology]]

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[[Category:IPA language templates|c]]

[[simple:Template:IPAc-cmn]]
[[mk:Шаблон:МФАз-cmn]]
[[ja:Template:IPAc-cmn]]
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