"ଜହ୍ନ" ପୃଷ୍ଠାର ସଂସ୍କରଣଗୁଡ଼ିକ ମଧ୍ୟରେ ତଫାତ
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Psubhashish (ଆଲୋଚନା | ଅବଦାନ) No edit summary |
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| ୬୫ କ ଧାଡ଼ି: | ୬୫ କ ଧାଡ଼ି: | ||
==ଆଧାର== |
==ଆଧାର== |
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=== ଦ୍ରଷ୍ଟବ୍ୟ === |
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{{cmn|3| |
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{{notes |
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| notes = |
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{{efn |name = inclination |
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| Between 18.29° and 28.58° to Earth's [[equator]].<ref name="W06"/><!--Wieczorek et al. 2006; 18.29° when the longitude of the Moon's ascending node is 180°, 28.58° when it is 0°--> |
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{{efn |name = maxval |
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| The ''maximum value'' is given based on scaling of the brightness from the value of −12.74 given for an equator to Moon-centre distance of 378 000 km in the NASA factsheet reference to the minimum Earth–Moon distance given there, after the latter is corrected for Earth's equatorial radius of 6 378 km, giving 350 600 km. The ''minimum value'' (for a distant [[new moon]]) is based on a similar scaling using the maximum Earth–Moon distance of 407 000 km (given in the factsheet) and by calculating the brightness of the [[earthshine]] onto such a new moon. The brightness of the earthshine is {{nowrap|[ Earth [[albedo]] ×}} {{nowrap|([[Earth radius]] /}} Radius of [[Orbit of the Moon|Moon's orbit]])<sup>2</sup> ] relative to the direct solar illumination that occurs for a full moon. ({{nowrap|Earth albedo {{=}} 0.367}}; {{nowrap|Earth radius {{=}} (polar}} radius × equatorial {{nowrap|radius)<sup>½</sup> {{=}} 6 367 km}}.) |
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{{efn |name = angular size |
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| The range of angular size values given are based on simple scaling of the following values given in the fact sheet reference: at an Earth-equator to Moon-centre distance of 378 000 km, the [[Angular diameter|angular size]] is 1896 [[arcsecond]]s. The same fact sheet gives extreme Earth–Moon distances of 407 000 km and 357 000 km. For the maximum angular size, the minimum distance has to be corrected for Earth's equatorial radius of 6 378 km, giving 350 600 km. |
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{{efn |name = pressure explanation |
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| Lucey et al. (2006) give {{nowrap|10<sup>7</sup> particles cm<sup>−3</sup>}} by day and {{nowrap|10<sup>5</sup> particles cm<sup>−3</sup>}} by night. Along with equatorial surface temperatures of 390 [[Kelvin|K]] by day and 100 K by night, the [[ideal gas law]] yields the pressures given in the infobox (rounded to the nearest [[order of magnitude]]): 10<sup>−7</sup> [[Pascal (unit)|Pa]] by day and 10<sup>−10</sup> Pa by night. |
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{{efn |name = near-Earth asteroids |
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| There are a number of [[near-Earth asteroid]]s, including [[3753 Cruithne]], that are [[co-orbital]] with Earth: their orbits bring them close to Earth for periods of time but then alter in the long term (Morais et al, 2002). These are [[quasi-satellite]]s – they are not moons as they do not orbit Earth. For more information, see [[Other moons of Earth]]. |
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{{efn |name = Moon vs. Charon |
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| With 27% the diameter and 60% the density of Earth, the Moon has 1.23% of the mass of Earth. The moon [[Charon (moon)|Charon]] is larger relative to its primary [[Pluto]], but Pluto is now considered to be a [[dwarf planet]]. |
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{{efn |name = age |
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| This age is calculated from isotope dating of lunar rocks. |
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{{efn |name = orbpd |
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| More accurately, the Moon's mean sidereal period (fixed star to fixed star) is 27.321661 days {{nowrap|(27 d 07 h 43 min 11.5 s)}}, and its mean tropical orbital period (from equinox to equinox) is 27.321582 days {{nowrap|(27 d 07 h 43 min 04.7 s)}} (''Explanatory Supplement to the Astronomical Ephemeris'', 1961, at p.107). |
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{{efn |name = synpd |
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| More accurately, the Moon's mean synodic period (between mean solar conjunctions) is 29.530589 days {{nowrap|(29 d 12 h 44 min 02.9 s)}} (''Explanatory Supplement to the Astronomical Ephemeris'', 1961, at p.107). |
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{{efn |name = brightness |
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| The Sun's [[apparent magnitude]] is −26.7, while the full moon's apparent magnitude is −12.7. |
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{{efn |name = area |
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| On average, the Moon covers an area of {{nowrap|0.21078 square degrees}} on the night sky. |
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{{efn |name = size changes |
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| See graph in [[Sun#Life phases]]. At present, the diameter of the Sun is increasing at a rate of about five percent per billion years. This is very similar to the rate at which the apparent angular diameter of the Moon is decreasing as it recedes from Earth. |
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=== ଟୀକା === |
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୨୦:୫୭, ୨୮ ଡିସେମ୍ବର ୨୦୧୫ ଅନୁସାରେ କରାଯାଇଥିବା ବଦଳ
 Full moon as seen from Earth's northern hemisphere | ||||||||||
| Designations | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adjective | lunar, selenic | |||||||||
| Orbital characteristics | ||||||||||
| Perigee | 363,295 km (0.0024 AU) | |||||||||
| Apogee | 405,503 km (0.0027 AU) | |||||||||
| Semi-major axis | 384,399 km (୦.୦୦୨୫୭AU)[୧] | |||||||||
| Eccentricity | ୦.୦୫୪୯[୧] | |||||||||
| Orbital period | ୨୭.୩୨୧୫୮୨d (27 d 7 h 43.1 min[୧]) | |||||||||
| Synodic period | ୨୯.୫୩୦୫୮୯d (29 d 12 h 44 min 2.9 s) | |||||||||
| Average orbital speed | 1.022 km/s | |||||||||
| Inclination | 5.145° to the ecliptic[୨] (between 18.29° and 28.58° to Earth's equator)[୧] | |||||||||
| Longitude of ascending node | regressing by one revolution in 18.6 years | |||||||||
| Argument of perigee | progressing by one revolution in 8.85 years | |||||||||
| Satellite of | Earth | |||||||||
| Physical characteristics | ||||||||||
| Mean radius | 1,737.10 km (0.273 Earths)[୧][୩] | |||||||||
| Equatorial radius | 1,738.14 km (0.273 Earths)[୩] | |||||||||
| Polar radius | 1,735.97 km (0.273 Earths)[୩] | |||||||||
| Flattening | ୦.୦୦୧୨୫ | |||||||||
| Circumference | 10,921 km (equatorial) | |||||||||
| Surface area | 3.793 km2 (0.074 Earths) | |||||||||
| Volume | 2.1958 km3 (0.020 Earths) | |||||||||
| Mass | 7.3477 kg (0.012300 Earths[୧]) | |||||||||
| Mean density | 3.3464 g/cm3[୧] | |||||||||
| Equatorial surface gravity | 1.622 m/s2 (0.165 4 g) | |||||||||
| Escape velocity | 2.38 km/s | |||||||||
| Sidereal rotation period | 27.321582 d (synchronous) | |||||||||
| Equatorial rotation velocity | 4.627 m/s | |||||||||
| Axial tilt | 1.5424° (to ecliptic) 6.687° (to orbit plane)[୨] | |||||||||
| Albedo | 0.136[୪] | |||||||||
| Surface temp. equator 85°N[୫] |
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| Apparent magnitude | −2.5 to −12.9[a] −12.74 (mean full moon)[୩] | |||||||||
| Angular diameter | 29.3 to 34.1 arcminutes[୩][b] | |||||||||
| Atmosphere[୬] | ||||||||||
| Surface pressure | 10−7 Pa (day) 10−10 Pa (night)[c] | |||||||||
| Composition | Ar, He, Na, K, H, Rn | |||||||||
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ଜହ୍ନ ହେଉଛି ପୃଥିବୀର ଏକମାତ୍ର ପ୍ରାକୃତିକ ଉପଗ୍ରହ ଏବଂ ସୌରଜଗତର ପଞ୍ଚମ ବୃହତ ଉପଗ୍ରହ । ଜହ୍ନ ହେଉଛି ଏକମାତ୍ର ଉପଗ୍ରହ ଯେଉଁଥିରେ ମଣିଷର ପାଦ ପଡ଼ିପାରିଛି ।
ଆକାର ପ୍ରକାର
ଭୌଗଳିକ ଗଠନ
ଭୌତିକ ଗୁଣ
ଜଳର ଅବସ୍ଥିତି
ମାଧ୍ୟାକର୍ଷଣ ଓ ଚୁମ୍ବକୀୟ ଶକ୍ତି
ପୃଥିବୀ ସହ ସମ୍ପର୍କ
ଆଧାର
ଦ୍ରଷ୍ଟବ୍ୟ
3
ଟୀକା
- ↑ ୧.୦ ୧.୧ ୧.୨ ୧.୩ ୧.୪ ୧.୫ ୧.୬ ୧.୭ ୧.୮ Wieczorek, M.; et al. (2006). "The constitution and structure of the lunar interior". Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry. 60 (1): 221–364. doi:10.2138/rmg.2006.60.3.
- ↑ ୨.୦ ୨.୧ ୨.୨ Lang, Kenneth R. (2011); The Cambridge Guide to the Solar System, 2nd ed., Cambridge University Press
- ↑ ୩.୦ ୩.୧ ୩.୨ ୩.୩ ୩.୪ ୩.୫ Williams, Dr. David R. (2 February 2006). "Moon Fact Sheet". NASA (National Space Science Data Center). Retrieved 31 December 2008.
- ↑ ୪.୦ ୪.୧ Matthews, Grant (2008). "Celestial body irradiance determination from an underfilled satellite radiometer: application to albedo and thermal emission measurements of the Moon using CERES". Applied Optics. 47 (27): 4981–93. Bibcode:2008ApOpt..47.4981M. doi:10.1364/AO.47.004981. PMID 18806861.
- ↑ ୫.୦ ୫.୧
A.R. Vasavada, D.A. Paige, and S.E. Wood (1999). "Near-Surface Temperatures on Mercury and the Moon and the Stability of Polar Ice Deposits". Icarus. 141 (2): 179. Bibcode:1999Icar..141..179V. doi:10.1006/icar.1999.6175.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ↑ ୬.୦ ୬.୧ Lucey, P.; Korotev, Randy L.; et al. (2006). "Understanding the lunar surface and space-Moon interactions". Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry. 60 (1): 83–219. doi:10.2138/rmg.2006.60.2.
Bibliography
- Needham, Joseph (1986). Science and Civilization in China, Volume III: Mathematics and the Sciences of the Heavens and Earth. Taipei: Caves Books. ISBN 978-0-521-05801-8.
ଅଧିକ ପଠନ
- The Moon. Discovery 2008. BBC World Service.
- Bussey, B. (2004). The Clementine Atlas of the Moon. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-81528-2.
{{cite book}}: Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help) - Cain, Fraser. "Where does the Moon Come From?". Universe Today. Retrieved 1 April 2008. (podcast and transcript)
- Jolliff, B. (2006). "New views of the Moon". Rev. Mineral. Geochem. Chantilly, Virginia: Min. Soc. Amer. 60 (1): 721. doi:10.2138/rmg.2006.60.0. ISBN 0-939950-72-3. Retrieved 12 April 2007.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help) - Jones, E.M. (2006). "Apollo Lunar Surface Journal". NASA. Retrieved 12 April 2007.
- "Exploring the Moon". Lunar and Planetary Institute. Retrieved 12 April 2007.
- Mackenzie, Dana (2003). The Big Splat, or How Our Moon Came to Be. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. ISBN 0-471-15057-6.
- Moore, P. (2001). On the Moon. Tucson, Arizona: Sterling Publishing Co. ISBN 0-304-35469-4.
- "Moon Articles". Planetary Science Research Discoveries.
- Spudis, P. D. (1996). The Once and Future Moon. Smithsonian Institution Press. ISBN 1-56098-634-4.
- Taylor, S.R. (1992). Solar system evolution. Cambridge Univ. Press. p. 307. ISBN 0-521-37212-7.
- Teague, K. (2006). "The Project Apollo Archive". Retrieved 12 April 2007.
- Wilhelms, D.E. (1987). "Geologic History of the Moon". U.S. Geological Survey Professional paper. 1348. Retrieved 12 April 2007.
- Wilhelms, D.E. (1993). To a Rocky Moon: A Geologist's History of Lunar Exploration. Tucson, Arizona: University of Arizona Press. ISBN 0-8165-1065-2. Retrieved 10 March 2009.
ଅଧିକ ତଥ୍ୟ
| Moon ବାବଦରେ ଉଇକିମିଡ଼ିଆର ସହଯୋଗୀ ପ୍ରକଳ୍ପଗୁଡ଼ିକରୁ ଅଧିକ ଜାଣନ୍ତୁ: | |
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ଉଇକିଅଭିଧାନରେ ଶବ୍ଦାର୍ଥମାନ ଖୋଜନ୍ତୁ |
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କମନ୍ସରେ ଛବି ଓ ମିଡ଼ିଆସବୁ ଖୋଜନ୍ତୁ |
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ଉଇକିମହାବିହାରରେ ଶିକ୍ଷଣ ଆଧାରମାନ ଖୋଜନ୍ତୁ |
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ଉଇକିସମ୍ବାଦରେ ସମ୍ବାଦ ଲେଖାମାନ ଖୋଜନ୍ତୁ |
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ଉଇକିକଥାରୁ ଢଗଢମାଳି ଓ କଥାମାନ |
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ଉଇକିଉତ୍ସରୁ ମୂଳାଧାର ଲେଖାମାନ |
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ଉଇକିପୋଥିରେ ପଢ଼ାବହିମାନ |
Cartographic resources
- "Consolidated Lunar Atlas". Lunar and Planetary Institute. Retrieved 26 February 2012.
- Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature (USGS) List of feature names.
- "Clementine Lunar Image Browser". U.S. Navy. 15 October 2003. Retrieved 12 April 2007.
- 3D zoomable globes:
- "Google Moon". Google. 2007. Retrieved 12 April 2007.
- "Moon". World Wind Central. NASA. 2007. Retrieved 12 April 2007.
- Aeschliman, R. "Lunar Maps". Planetary Cartography and Graphics. Retrieved 12 April 2007. Maps and panoramas at Apollo landing sites
- Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) Kaguya (Selene) images
Observation tools
- "NASA's SKYCAL—Sky Events Calendar". NASA Eclipse Home Page. Archived from the original on 13 December 2012. Retrieved 27 August 2007.
- "Find moonrise, moonset and moonphase for a location". 2008. Retrieved 18 February 2008.
- "HMNAO's Moon Watch". 2005. Retrieved 24 May 2009. See when the next new crescent moon is visible for any location.
 | ଏହି ପ୍ରସଙ୍ଗଟି ଅସମ୍ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ଅଟେ । ଆପଣ ଏହାକୁ ସଂପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ କରି ଉଇକିପିଡ଼ିଆକୁ ସମୃଦ୍ଧ କରିପାରିବେ । |